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Intersectional Fairness via Mixed-Integer Optimization

arXiv.org Machine Learning

The deployment of Artificial Intelligence in high-risk domains, such as finance and healthcare, necessitates models that are both fair and transparent. While regulatory frameworks, including the EU's AI Act, mandate bias mitigation, they are deliberately vague about the definition of bias. In line with existing research, we argue that true fairness requires addressing bias at the intersections of protected groups. We propose a unified framework that leverages Mixed-Integer Optimization (MIO) to train intersectionally fair and intrinsically interpretable classifiers. We prove the equivalence of two measures of intersectional fairness (MSD and SPSF) in detecting the most unfair subgroup and empirically demonstrate that our MIO-based algorithm improves performance in finding bias. We train high-performing, interpretable classifiers that bound intersectional bias below an acceptable threshold, offering a robust solution for regulated industries and beyond.


Double Fairness Policy Learning: Integrating Action Fairness and Outcome Fairness in Decision-making

arXiv.org Machine Learning

Fairness is a central pillar of trustworthy machine learning, especially in domains where accuracy- or profit-driven optimization is insufficient. While most fairness research focuses on supervised learning, fairness in policy learning remains less explored. Because policy learning is interventional, it induces two distinct fairness targets: action fairness (equitable action assignments) and outcome fairness (equitable downstream consequences). Crucially, equalizing actions does not generally equalize outcomes when groups face different constraints or respond differently to the same action. We propose a novel double fairness learning (DFL) framework that explicitly manages the trade-off among three objectives: action fairness, outcome fairness, and value maximization. We integrate fairness directly into a multi-objective optimization problem for policy learning and employ a lexicographic weighted Tchebyshev method that recovers Pareto solutions beyond convex settings, with theoretical guarantees on the regret bounds. Our framework is flexible and accommodates various commonly used fairness notions. Extensive simulations demonstrate improved performance relative to competing methods. In applications to a motor third-party liability insurance dataset and an entrepreneurship training dataset, DFL substantially improves both action and outcome fairness while incurring only a modest reduction in overall value.


RealStats: A Rigorous Real-Only Statistical Framework for Fake Image Detection

arXiv.org Machine Learning

As generative models continue to evolve, detecting AI-generated images remains a critical challenge. While effective detection methods exist, they often lack formal interpretability and may rely on implicit assumptions about fake content, potentially limiting robustness to distributional shifts. In this work, we introduce a rigorous, statistically grounded framework for fake image detection that focuses on producing a probability score interpretable with respect to the real-image population. Our method leverages the strengths of multiple existing detectors by combining training-free statistics. We compute p-values over a range of test statistics and aggregate them using classical statistical ensembling to assess alignment with the unified real-image distribution. This framework is generic, flexible, and training-free, making it well-suited for robust fake image detection across diverse and evolving settings.


Mark Zuckerberg was initially opposed to parental controls for AI chatbots, according to legal filing

Engadget

Apple could unveil Gemini-powered Siri in Feb. Despite not wanting minors to have explicit conversations, Meta's CEO allegedly rejected this particular safety measure. Meta has faced some serious questions about how it allows its underage users to interact with AI-powered chatbots. Most recently, internal communications obtained by the New Mexico Attorney General's Office revealed that although Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg was opposed to the chatbots having explicit conversations with minors, he also rejected the idea of placing parental controls on the feature. In its statement to the publication, Meta accused the New Mexico Attorney General of cherry picking documents to paint a flawed and inaccurate picture.


After Minneapolis shootings, California moves forward bill allowing lawsuits against federal agents

Los Angeles Times

Things to Do in L.A. Tap to enable a layout that focuses on the article. Residents confront ICE agents on Atlantic Blvd. in the city of Bell in June. This is read by an automated voice. Please report any issues or inconsistencies here . SACRAMENTO -- Amid a national uproar over the recent killing of a Minnesota man by immigration agents, the California Senate on Tuesday approved proposed legislation that would make it easier to sue law enforcement officials suspected of violating an individual's constitutional rights.


Meta allowed minors access to sex-talking chatbots despite staff concerns, lawsuit alleges

The Guardian

Filing by New Mexico's attorney general includes Meta staff emails objecting to AI companion policy Mark Zuckerberg, Meta's chief executive, approved allowing minors to access artificial intelligence chatbot companions that safety staffers warned were capable of sexual interactions, according to internal Meta documents filed in a New Mexico state court case and made public on Monday. The lawsuit - brought by the state's attorney general, Raul Torrez, and scheduled for trial next month - alleges Meta "failed to stem the tide of damaging sexual material and sexual propositions delivered to children" on Facebook and Instagram. The filing on Monday included internal Meta employee emails and messages obtained by the New Mexico attorney general's office through legal discovery. The state alleges they show that "Meta, driven by Zuckerberg, rejected the recommendations of its integrity staff and declined to impose reasonable guardrails to prevent children from being subject to sexually exploitative conversations with its AI chatbots", the attorney general said in the filing. Meta announced last week that it had removed teen access to AI companions entirely, pending creation of a new version of the chatbots.


Lost tomb of the mysterious 'cloud people' unearthed after 1,400 years in 'discovery of the decade'

Daily Mail - Science & tech

America's fastest-growing state is selling the perfect lifestyle... and everyone's falling for it I was using my vape 160 times a day, it was costing me a fortune and its toll on my face was truly shocking. Then I discovered a miracle one-day cure... and stopped overnight: MARY KILLEN Lost tomb of the mysterious'cloud people' unearthed after 1,400 years in'discovery of the decade' Devastating truth about Blind Side actor Quinton Aaron: More to this'than everyone is letting on', friends reveal... as co-star Sandra Bullock'monitors' situation Harper Beckham, 14, puts on a stylish display in a fluffy coat and vintage Chanel bag as she heads out in Paris with her family... after Nicola's Peltz's heartbreaking comments about sister-in-law America's earthquake hotspot is more dangerous than feared as scientists make surprising discovery Terrifying animation shows pilot's-eye view of DC mid-air collision between airliner and helicopter that killed 67 Explosive twist in'diva' inmate Bryan Kohberger's life in prison revealed in the FREE The Crime Desk newsletter Marco Rubio'cocoons like a mummy' in bizarre strategy to hide naps from Trump Frozen woman who was'stiff as a rock' is found outside Texas convenience store Inside the Super Bowl hotels home to Seattle Seahawks and New England Patriots... where guests complained of cockroaches, loud noise and'being bitten' Lost tomb of the mysterious'cloud people' unearthed after 1,400 years in'discovery of the decade' It has been hailed as'the most significant archaeological discovery in a decade.' Archaeologists in Mexico have uncovered a 1,400-year-old tomb in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca that had been lost to history. The stone structure, built by the Zapotec culture, known as Be'ena'a, or'The Cloud People', is adorned with sculptures, murals and carved symbols that suggest ritual significance. The Zapotec believed their ancestors descended from the clouds and that, in death, their souls returned to the heavens as spirits.


America's earthquake hotspot is more dangerous than feared as scientists make surprising discovery

Daily Mail - Science & tech

America's fastest-growing state is selling the perfect lifestyle... and everyone's falling for it Devastating truth about Blind Side actor Quinton Aaron: More to this'than everyone is letting on', friends reveal... as co-star Sandra Bullock'monitors' situation Marco Rubio'cocoons like a mummy' in bizarre strategy to hide naps from Trump Explosive twist in'diva' inmate Bryan Kohberger's life in prison revealed in the FREE The Crime Desk newsletter Blake Lively's driver claims Justin Baldoni confessed to previously'forcing himself on women' during'disturbing' in-car conversation Maine's legendary'Lobster Lady' dies after working until she was 103 and waking up at 3am every day Sydney Sweeney shows off her bombshell curves in racy lingerie to promote her new SYRN line - as it's revealed Hollywood Sign bra stunt could leave her facing trespassing and vandalism charges The wild truth about my influencer sons, their psycho dad and how lawsuits nearly left them bankrupt - by Jake and Logan Paul's MOM Lawyer, 44, who died on flight to London after falling asleep on her mother's shoulder had undiagnosed cardiac condition, inquest hears Food Network star Valerie Bertinelli's heartbreaking struggles laid bare after confession about shock firing Gavin Newsom's ballyhooed'care first' $236 million mental health push helps ONLY 22 people in four years America's earthquake hotspot is more dangerous than feared as scientists make surprising discovery READ MORE: Prophecy from apocalyptic'messiah' warns of death so widespread'even birds won't escape' Scientists studying Northern California have uncovered previously hidden fault lines, raising alarms that seismic risk in the region may be underestimated. For decades, the Mendocino triple junction was believed to be where three tectonic plates meet: the San Andreas Fault ending in the north, the Cascadia Subduction Zone in the south, and the Mendocino Fault in the east. Because three major fault systems converge there, the area is one of the most active earthquake zones in the US and could produce a magnitude 8.0 quake. Now, researchers have discovered that the junction actually contains at least five tectonic plates or fragments deep below the surface, making the region far more complex than previously thought. That means there may be an unaccounted earthquake hazard in the area, and current models could be underestimating the true risk.


Apple and Google reportedly still offer dozens of AI 'nudify' apps

Engadget

Apple could unveil Gemini-powered Siri in Feb. Apple and Google reportedly still offer dozens of AI'nudify' apps Both platforms also still host the Grok app, which has been known to create nonconsensual images. A recent investigation by an online advocacy organization called the Tech Transparency Project (TTP) found that the Apple App Store and Google Play Store . These are AI applications that create nonconsensual and sexualized images, which is a clear violation of both companies' store policies. All told, the investigation found 55 of this type of app in the Google Play Store and 47 in the Apple App Store.


The State-Led Crackdown on Grok and xAI Has Begun

WIRED

At least 37 attorneys general for US states and territories are taking action against xAI after Grok generated a flood of nonconsensual sexual images of women and minors. At least 37 attorneys general for US states and territories are taking action against xAI after people used its chatbot, Grok, to generate a flood of sexualized images earlier this year. On Friday, a bipartisan group of 35 attorneys general published an open letter to xAI demanding it "immediately take all available additional steps to protect the public and users of your platforms, especially the women and girls who are the overwhelming target of [non-consensual intimate images]." The letter comes amid an international wave of regulator attention on Grok users creating intimate deepfake images of people without their consent, as well as sexualized images of children. A recent report from the Center for Countering Digital Hate estimates that during an 11-day period starting on December 29, Grok's account on X generated around 3 million photorealistic sexualized images, including around 23,000 sexualized images of children.