Education
ProBoost: a Boosting Method for Probabilistic Classifiers
Mendonça, Fábio, Mostafa, Sheikh Shanawaz, Morgado-Dias, Fernando, Ravelo-García, Antonio G., Figueiredo, Mário A. T.
ProBoost, a new boosting algorithm for probabilistic classifiers, is proposed in this work. This algorithm uses the epistemic uncertainty of each training sample to determine the most challenging/uncertain ones; the relevance of these samples is then increased for the next weak learner, producing a sequence that progressively focuses on the samples found to have the highest uncertainty. In the end, the weak learners' outputs are combined into a weighted ensemble of classifiers. Three methods are proposed to manipulate the training set: undersampling, oversampling, and weighting the training samples according to the uncertainty estimated by the weak learners. Furthermore, two approaches are studied regarding the ensemble combination. The weak learner herein considered is a standard convolutional neural network, and the probabilistic models underlying the uncertainty estimation use either variational inference or Monte Carlo dropout. The experimental evaluation carried out on MNIST benchmark datasets shows that ProBoost yields a significant performance improvement. The results are further highlighted by assessing the relative achievable improvement, a metric proposed in this work, which shows that a model with only four weak learners leads to an improvement exceeding 12% in this metric (for either accuracy, sensitivity, or specificity), in comparison to the model learned without ProBoost.
Scalable Adversarial Online Continual Learning
Dam, Tanmoy, Pratama, Mahardhika, Ferdaus, MD Meftahul, Anavatti, Sreenatha, Abbas, Hussein
Adversarial continual learning is effective for continual learning problems because of the presence of feature alignment process generating task-invariant features having low susceptibility to the catastrophic forgetting problem. Nevertheless, the ACL method imposes considerable complexities because it relies on task-specific networks and discriminators. It also goes through an iterative training process which does not fit for online (one-epoch) continual learning problems. This paper proposes a scalable adversarial continual learning (SCALE) method putting forward a parameter generator transforming common features into task-specific features and a single discriminator in the adversarial game to induce common features. The training process is carried out in meta-learning fashions using a new combination of three loss functions. SCALE outperforms prominent baselines with noticeable margins in both accuracy and execution time.
Machine Learning Basic Q&A.
Ans. ML is about building systems that can learn from data. Learning means getting better at some task, given some performance measurse. A labeled training set is a training set that contains the desired solution (a.k.a alabel) for each instance. The two most common supervised tasks are regression and classification. Reinforcement Learning is likely to perform best if we want a robot to learn to walk in various unknown terrains, since this is typically the type of problems as a supervised or semi-supervised learning problem, but it would be less natural.
World's youngest computer coder ready to build a robot doctor
An eight-year-old boy who became the world's youngest coder has set his sights on building a robot doctor. Kautilya Katariya, who set a world record for being the youngest qualified computer programmer two years ago, recently achieved grade nine in GCSE maths, the highest possible mark. Katariya, from Northampton, has already developed AI software and one day hopes to set up his own company. The Year 3 pupil taught himself coding during the Covid-19 lockdowns and prepared for his GCSE exams alongside students in Year 10 and 11. Rather than playing computer games, he has more fun building them using programming languages such as Python.
Hands-on Deep Learning using Python in Cloud
Data Science Dojo has launched Jupyter Hub for Deep Learning using Python offering to the Azure Marketplace with pre-installed Deep Learning libraries and pre-cloned GitHub repositories of famous Deep Learning books and collections which enables the learner to run the example codes provided. Deep Learning is a type of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Deep Learning is a modern variation in Machine Learning that teaches computers to do what comes naturally to humans. Python, a high-level programming language that was created in 1991 and has seen a rise in popularity, is compatible with deep learning, which has contributed to its development. While several languages, including C, Java, and LISP, can be used with deep learning, Python continues to be the preferred option for millions of developers worldwide.
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MLOps (Machine Learning Operations) Fundamentals
This program provides the skills you need to advance your career and provides training to support your preparation for the industry-recognized Google Cloud Professional Machine Learning Engineer certification. Here's what you have to do 1) Complete the Preparing for Google Cloud Machine Learning Engineer Professional Certificate 2) Review other recommended resources for the Google Cloud Professional Machine Learning Engineer exam 3) Review the Professional Machine Learning Engineer exam guide 4) Complete Professional Machine Learning Engineer sample questions 5) Register for the Google Cloud certification exam (remotely or at a test center) Applied Learning Project This professional certificate incorporates hands-on labs using Qwiklabs platform.These hands on components will let you apply the skills you learn. Projects incorporate Google Cloud Platform products used within Qwiklabs. You will gain practical hands-on experience with the concepts explained throughout the modules.
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Nonbacktracking spectral clustering of nonuniform hypergraphs
Chodrow, Philip, Eikmeier, Nicole, Haddock, Jamie
Spectral methods offer a tractable, global framework for clustering in graphs via eigenvector computations on graph matrices. Hypergraph data, in which entities interact on edges of arbitrary size, poses challenges for matrix representations and therefore for spectral clustering. We study spectral clustering for nonuniform hypergraphs based on the hypergraph nonbacktracking operator. After reviewing the definition of this operator and its basic properties, we prove a theorem of Ihara-Bass type which allows eigenpair computations to take place on a smaller matrix, often enabling faster computation. We then propose an alternating algorithm for inference in a hypergraph stochastic blockmodel via linearized belief-propagation which involves a spectral clustering step again using nonbacktracking operators. We provide proofs related to this algorithm that both formalize and extend several previous results. We pose several conjectures about the limits of spectral methods and detectability in hypergraph stochastic blockmodels in general, supporting these with in-expectation analysis of the eigeinpairs of our studied operators. We perform experiments in real and synthetic data that demonstrate the benefits of hypergraph methods over graph-based ones when interactions of different sizes carry different information about cluster structure.