Dushanbe
- North America > United States > Michigan (0.04)
- South America > Suriname > Paramaribo District > Paramaribo (0.04)
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- South America > Suriname > Paramaribo District > Paramaribo (0.04)
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How toxic is YOUR air? Terrifying charts reveal the towns and cities around the world with the worst air pollution
The secret cult caves of polyamorous Mormon'prophet' with 85 wives are seen for first time Florida's housing market is tanking but the birthplace of Southern rock keeps its groove and defies the crash My war with Harry & Meghan, by PIERS MORGAN: What really happened, their absurd accusations, the brutal truth about post-royal life... and how I believe their royal racism lies helped kill off woke But experts warn the huge benefits come with risks... here's what it means for YOU I hung ICE agent effigies from the gallows in my yard. MAGA had a huge meltdown. They're going to lose their minds when they see what else I've done Vile Chicago woman filmed rubbing dog poop on Cybertruck emblazoned with Donald Trump's signature Taylor, your album should be'Life of a Callgirl'. KENNEDY's appalled take on Swift's new record... and its ultra-vivid sex shout outs for Travis the Sasquatch Fate of the four Scottish crime lords who terrorised Dubai: Gangsters thought they were'untouchable' after spree of executions and firebombings. Now we reveal hellhole jail, inhumane'toilet paper' punishment... and where they are now Olympic gold medalist forced to put Louisiana home up for sale as she'can't make a living' months after filing for divorce Tycoon who is cousin of former President George W. Bush expected to launch run for Maine governor Israel prepares to implement'first stage' of Trump's Gaza peace plan Cassie Ventura's attorney responds to Diddy sentencing as she's hailed by judge who jailed vile rapper The truth about Keith Urban's guitarist'other woman' Maggie Baugh revealed amid Nicole Kidman divorce How I look like this at 62. I've lost 5 stone fast, 20 years off my biological age and wear size 8... without weight-loss jabs.
- North America > United States > Maine (0.24)
- North America > United States > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago (0.24)
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Mechanistic Interpretability with SAEs: Probing Religion, Violence, and Geography in Large Language Models
Simbeck, Katharina, Mahran, Mariam
Despite growing research on bias in large language models (LLMs), most work has focused on gender and race, with little attention to religious identity. This paper explores how religion is internally represented in LLMs and how it intersects with concepts of violence and geography. Using mechanistic interpretability and Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) via the Neuronpedia API, we analyze latent feature activations across five models. We measure overlap between religion- and violence-related prompts and probe semantic patterns in activation contexts. While all five religions show comparable internal cohesion, Islam is more frequently linked to features associated with violent language. In contrast, geographic associations largely reflect real-world religious demographics, revealing how models embed both factual distributions and cultural stereotypes. These findings highlight the value of structural analysis in auditing not just outputs but also internal representations that shape model behavior.
- North America > United States > New York > New York County > New York City (0.28)
- North America > United States > Minnesota > Hennepin County > Minneapolis (0.14)
- Asia > Middle East > Palestine > Gaza Strip > Gaza Governorate > Gaza (0.14)
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Tell, Don't Show!: Language Guidance Eases Transfer Across Domains in Images and Videos
Kalluri, Tarun, Majumder, Bodhisattwa Prasad, Chandraker, Manmohan
We introduce LaGTran, a novel framework that utilizes text supervision to guide robust transfer of discriminative knowledge from labeled source to unlabeled target data with domain gaps. While unsupervised adaptation methods have been established to address this problem, they show limitations in handling challenging domain shifts due to their exclusive operation within the pixel-space. Motivated by our observation that semantically richer text modality has more favorable transfer properties, we devise a transfer mechanism to use a source-trained text-classifier to generate predictions on the target text descriptions, and utilize these predictions as supervision for the corresponding images. Our approach driven by language guidance is surprisingly easy and simple, yet significantly outperforms all prior approaches on challenging datasets like GeoNet and DomainNet, validating its extreme effectiveness. To further extend the scope of our study beyond images, we introduce a new benchmark called Ego2Exo to study ego-exo transfer in videos and find that our language-aided approach LaGTran yields significant gains in this highly challenging and non-trivial transfer setting. Code, models, and proposed datasets are publicly available at https://tarun005.github.io/lagtran/.
- Europe > Austria > Vienna (0.14)
- Asia > Middle East > Jordan (0.04)
- North America > United States > Rocky Mountains (0.04)
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- Information Technology > Sensing and Signal Processing > Image Processing (1.00)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Vision (1.00)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning (1.00)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Natural Language > Large Language Model (0.94)
How In-Context Learning Emerges from Training on Unstructured Data: On the Role of Co-Occurrence, Positional Information, and Noise Structures
Wibisono, Kevin Christian, Wang, Yixin
Large language models (LLMs) like transformers have impressive in-context learning (ICL) capabilities; they can generate predictions for new queries based on input-output sequences in prompts without parameter updates. While many theories have attempted to explain ICL, they often focus on structured training data similar to ICL tasks, such as regression. In practice, however, these models are trained in an unsupervised manner on unstructured text data, which bears little resemblance to ICL tasks. To this end, we investigate how ICL emerges from unsupervised training on unstructured data. The key observation is that ICL can arise simply by modeling co-occurrence information using classical language models like continuous bag of words (CBOW), which we theoretically prove and empirically validate. Furthermore, we establish the necessity of positional information and noise structure to generalize ICL to unseen data. Finally, we present instances where ICL fails and provide theoretical explanations; they suggest that the ICL ability of LLMs to identify certain tasks can be sensitive to the structure of the training data.
- South America > Suriname > Paramaribo District > Paramaribo (0.04)
- North America > United States > Michigan (0.04)
- Europe > Liechtenstein (0.04)
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- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Natural Language > Large Language Model (1.00)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning > Statistical Learning (1.00)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning > Neural Networks > Deep Learning (1.00)
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Soft-labeling Strategies for Rapid Sub-Typing
Rosario, Grant, Noever, David, Ciolino, Matt
The challenge of labeling large example datasets for computer vision continues to limit the availability and scope of image repositories. This research provides a new method for automated data collection, curation, labeling, and iterative training with minimal human intervention for the case of overhead satellite imagery and object detection. The new operational scale effectively scanned an entire city (68 square miles) in grid search and yielded a prediction of car color from space observations. A partially trained yolov5 model served as an initial inference seed to output further, more refined model predictions in iterative cycles. Soft labeling here refers to accepting label noise as a potentially valuable augmentation to reduce overfitting and enhance generalized predictions to previously unseen test data. The approach takes advantage of a real-world instance where a cropped image of a car can automatically receive sub-type information as white or colorful from pixel values alone, thus completing an end-to-end pipeline without overdependence on human labor.
- Asia > Turkmenistan > Ahal Region > Ashgabat (0.05)
- Asia > Tajikistan > Dushanbe > Dushanbe (0.05)
- Asia > South Korea (0.05)
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- Government > Regional Government (0.94)
- Energy > Renewable > Solar (0.70)
- Energy > Renewable > Geothermal > Geothermal Energy Exploration and Development > Geophysical Analysis & Survey (0.34)
OpenEarthMap: A Benchmark Dataset for Global High-Resolution Land Cover Mapping
Xia, Junshi, Yokoya, Naoto, Adriano, Bruno, Broni-Bediako, Clifford
We introduce OpenEarthMap, a benchmark dataset, for global high-resolution land cover mapping. OpenEarthMap consists of 2.2 million segments of 5000 aerial and satellite images covering 97 regions from 44 countries across 6 continents, with manually annotated 8-class land cover labels at a 0.25--0.5m ground sampling distance. Semantic segmentation models trained on the OpenEarthMap generalize worldwide and can be used as off-the-shelf models in a variety of applications. We evaluate the performance of state-of-the-art methods for unsupervised domain adaptation and present challenging problem settings suitable for further technical development. We also investigate lightweight models using automated neural architecture search for limited computational resources and fast mapping. The dataset is available at https://open-earth-map.org.
- North America > United States > Maryland (0.14)
- Asia > Japan > Honshū > Kantō > Tokyo Metropolis Prefecture > Tokyo (0.14)
- Europe > Austria > Vienna (0.14)
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- Food & Agriculture > Agriculture (0.47)
- Government > Regional Government (0.46)
Persistence in the Political Economy of Conflict: The Case of the Afghan Drug Industry
Latek, Maciej M. (George Mason University) | Rizi, Seyed M. Mussavi (George Mason University) | Geller, Armando (George Mason University)
Links between licit and illicit economies fuel conflict in countries mired in irregular warfare. We argue that in Afghanistan, cultivating poppy and trading drugs bring stability to farmers who face the unintended consequences of haphazard development efforts while lacking alternative livelihoods and security necessary to access markets. Drug trafficking funds the crime-insurgency nexus and government corruption, in turn foiling attempts to establish a unified governance body. We show how individual rationality, market forces, corruption and opium stocks accumulated at different stages in the supply chain counteract the effects of poppy eradication. To that end, we use initial results from a multiagent model of the Afghan drug industry. We define physical, administrative, social and infrastructural environments in the simulation, and outline objectives and inputs for decision making and the structure of actor interactions.
- Europe > United Kingdom (0.14)
- North America > United States > Virginia > Fairfax County > Fairfax (0.04)
- Europe > Norway > Eastern Norway > Oslo (0.04)
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- Law (1.00)
- Food & Agriculture > Agriculture (0.95)
- Law Enforcement & Public Safety (0.86)
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Data Theory, Discourse Mining and Thresholds
Sallach, David L. (Argonne National Laboratory) | Ozik, Jonathan (Argonne National Laboratory)
The availability of online documents coupled with emergent text mining methods has opened new research horizons. To achieve their potential, mining technologies need to be theoretically focused. We present data theory as a crucial component of text mining, and provide a substantive proto- theory from the synthesis of complex multigames, prototype concepts, and emotio-cognitive orientation fields. We discuss how the data theory presented informs the application of text mining to mining discourse(s) and how, in turn, this allows for modeling across contextual thresholds. Finally, the relationship between discourse mining, data theory, and thresholds is illustrated with an historical example, the events surrounding the 1992 civil war in Tajikistan.
- North America > United States > New York > New York County > New York City (0.14)
- North America > United States > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago (0.05)
- Europe > United Kingdom > England > Oxfordshire > Oxford (0.05)
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- Government (1.00)
- Materials > Metals & Mining (0.34)