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Provable Submodular Minimization using Wolfe's Algorithm

Deeparnab Chakrabarty, Prateek Jain, Pravesh Kothari

Neural Information Processing Systems

Owing to several applications in large scale learning and vision problems, fast submodular function minimization (SFM) has become a critical problem. Theoretically, unconstrained SFM can be performed in polynomial time [10, 11]. However, these algorithms are typically not practical. In 1976, Wolfe [21] proposed an algorithm to find the minimum Euclidean norm point in a polytope, and in 1980, Fujishige [3] showed how Wolfe's algorithm can be used for SFM. For general submodular functions, this Fujishige-Wolfe minimum norm algorithm seems to have the best empirical performance.


The Christian Nationalist "TheoBros" Have, Uh, Thoughts About Antisemitism

Mother Jones

For a brief moment in November, the TheoBros, a network of militant Christian nationalist influencers, made news when Trump nominated one of their allies, former Fox News commentator Pete Hegseth, to lead the Department of Defense. Hegseth attends a church that is affiliated with the TheoBro movement, and he has cited TheoBro patriarch Doug Wilson, a pastor in Moscow, Idaho, as someone who has had a major influence on him. While the controversies surrounding Hegseth's alleged alcohol abuse and mismanagement of funds meant for veterans continue to make the news, the TheoBros have receded into the background. But as it turns, out, they are embroiled in a major controversy of their own. A simmering divide over how Christians should regard Judaism has ignited into a conflagration.


The Stochastic Conjugate Subgradient Algorithm For Kernel Support Vector Machines

Zhang, Di, Sen, Suvrajeet

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Stochastic First-Order (SFO) methods have been a cornerstone in addressing a broad spectrum of modern machine learning (ML) challenges. However, their efficacy is increasingly questioned, especially in large-scale applications where empirical evidence indicates potential performance limitations. In response, this paper proposes an innovative method specifically designed for kernel support vector machines (SVMs). This method not only achieves faster convergence per iteration but also exhibits enhanced scalability when compared to conventional SFO techniques. Diverging from traditional sample average approximation strategies that typically frame kernel SVM as an 'all-in-one' Quadratic Program (QP), our approach adopts adaptive sampling. This strategy incrementally refines approximation accuracy on an 'as-needed' basis. Crucially, this approach also inspires a decomposition-based algorithm, effectively decomposing parameter selection from error estimation, with the latter being independently determined for each data point. To exploit the quadratic nature of the kernel matrix, we introduce a stochastic conjugate subgradient method. This method preserves many benefits of first-order approaches while adeptly handling both nonlinearity and non-smooth aspects of the SVM problem. Thus, it extends beyond the capabilities of standard SFO algorithms for non-smooth convex optimization. The convergence rate of this novel method is thoroughly analyzed within this paper. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only maintains but potentially exceeds the scalability of SFO methods. Moreover, it significantly enhances both speed and accuracy of the optimization process.


Provable Submodular Minimization using Wolfe's Algorithm Prateek Jain

Neural Information Processing Systems

Owing to several applications in large scale learning and vision problems, fast submodular function minimization (SFM) has become a critical problem. Theoretically, unconstrained SFM can be performed in polynomial time [10, 11]. However, these algorithms are typically not practical. In 1976, Wolfe [21] proposed an algorithm to find the minimum Euclidean norm point in a polytope, and in 1980, Fujishige [3] showed how Wolfe's algorithm can be used for SFM. For general submodular functions, this Fujishige-Wolfe minimum norm algorithm seems to have the best empirical performance.


AI-generated digital artwork may not be copyright protected

#artificialintelligence

Generative models capable of automatically producing paragraphs of text or digital art are becoming increasingly accessible. People are using them to write fantasy novels, marketing copy, and to create memes and magazine covers. Content automatically created by software is poised to flood the internet for better or worse as AI technology is commercialized. Take Cosmopolitan's recent and "world's first artificially intelligent magazine cover," for instance: the image of a giant astronaut walking on the surface of a planet against a dark sky splattered with what looks like stars and gas as produced by OpenAI's DALL-E 2 model. Karen Cheng, a creative director, described trying various text prompts to guide DALL-E 2 in producing the perfect picture.


Microsoft to Archive Music on Futuristic Slivers of Glass That Will Live 10,000 Years

#artificialintelligence

But thanks to Microsoft, at least we'll be listening to Stevie Wonder after the apocalypse. The tech giant is partnering with Elire Group to etch the world's music onto glass plates, and bury them in a remote arctic mountainside to ride out the end of the world. The Global Music Vault will share space with the Global Seed Vault (better known as the Doomsday Vault) in Svalbard, Norway. The Doomsday Vault houses the largest collection of agricultural seeds on the planet. The Global Music Vault aims to match its neighbor seed for song.


Machine learning, AI disrupting medical education and adaptive learning models

#artificialintelligence

As the industry continues to shift into value-based care, many organizations are leveraging new technology to support care delivery. But new technology requires a change in how care is provided, which should begin in medical school and continue throughout a clinician's career. "Outcomes and staff retention are driven, in part, by providing access to lifelong learning to advance skills and knowledge," said Cathy Wolfe, Wolters Kluwer health learning, research and practice CEO and president. "Advanced technologies like machine learning, artificial intelligence and virtual simulation are transforming adaptive learning models in ways that optimize learning and improve knowledge retention," she added. As a result, many healthcare organizations are investing in staff development to support evidence-based care, which can improve outcomes, reduce care variability and help with high reimbursements, Wolfe explained.


4 bots relieve NASA employees from doing 'low-value' work

#artificialintelligence

Best listening experience is on Chrome, Firefox or Safari. Subscribe to Ask the CIO's audio interviews on Apple Podcasts or PodcastOne. The way NASA's shared services office used to process grants was manual, full of paper and required the scanning of documents. Many would consider that approach to be "low-value" work -- the kind the Trump administration wants agencies to stop doing. Insight by the Trezza Media Group: Technology experts discuss secure cloud computing strategies in this free webinar.


100 jobs planned at New Orleans center that 'teaches' artificial intelligence

#artificialintelligence

How do self-driving vehicles learn how to drive? How does artificial intelligence become smart in the first place? It all starts with data. An international company that applies data to a variety of practical uses has chosen to place its first U.S. "delivery center" in New Orleans and will hire 100 people within the next 12 to 18 months to staff it. The available jobs range from entry-level to more skilled positions.


What Is the Potential for AI in the Energy Industry?

#artificialintelligence

Artificial intelligence has the potential to transform a multitude of industries, including retail, small business accounting and even product design. The energy and utilities markets could be next. It's still early days in terms of adoption, but there are numerous use cases for AI in the energy and utilities industries. AI can be used to make smart electric grids more efficient in delivering energy, can predict when batteries and other equipment will fail and can also help make energy exploration easier and more economical. AI and one of its subsets, machine learning, are digital trends poised to disrupt the energy industry, according to a recent report from Wood Mackenzie, an energy, chemicals, renewables, metals and mining research and consultancy group, Greentech Media (GTM) reports.