Yes, eating carrots can help your eyesight. The World War II propaganda that touted the veggie wasn't totally wrong, but carrots still won't give you night vision. Carrots' beta-carotene pigment can help support retina health, but the root vegetable still has its limits. Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent six days a week. In a British propaganda poster from World War II, an illustration in shadowy tones captures a dramatic nighttime scene: a woman and young girl peer around a black automobile, as if looking for a quick escape.

We're learning more about what vitamin D does to our bodies The sunshine vitamin could affect your immune system and heart health. It has started to get really wintry here in London over the last few days. The mornings are frosty, the wind is biting, and it's already dark by the time I pick my kids up from school. The darkness in particular has got me thinking about vitamin D, a.k.a. the sunshine vitamin. At a checkup a few years ago, a doctor told me I was deficient in vitamin D. But he wouldn't write me a prescription for supplements, simply because, as he put it, in the UK is deficient. Putting the entire population on vitamin D supplements would be too expensive for the country's national health service, he told me.

Decision Transformers have recently emerged as a new and compelling paradigm for offline Reinforcement Learning (RL), completing a trajectory in an autoregressive way. While improvements have been made to overcome initial shortcomings, online finetuning of decision transformers has been surprisingly under-explored. The widely adopted state-of-the-art Online Decision Transformer (ODT) still struggles when pretrained with low-reward offline data. In this paper, we theoretically analyze the online-finetuning of the decision transformer, showing that the commonly used Return-To-Go (RTG) that's far from the expected return hampers the online fine-tuning process. This problem, however, is well-addressed by the value function and advantage of standard RL algorithms.

Fox News contributor Dr. Marc Siegel joins'Fox News Live' to discuss the FDA approving a new Alzheimer treatment drug and the FDA banning bromide vegetable oils. "Normal" levels of vitamin B12 may not be enough to ward off dementia, new research finds. Researchers at University of California San Francisco studied 231 healthy older adults (averaging 71 years of age) who did not have dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Blood tests showed that their B12 levels averaged 414.8 pmol/L, while the recommended minimum level in the U.S. is just 148 pmol/L. Participants who had lower B12 levels were found to have "slower cognitive and visual processing speeds" when taking tests, which is linked to "subtle cognitive decline," according to a UCSF press release.

The verification of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) poses a significant challenge. Various approaches and methodologies exist to address this challenge; however, tools that support them are not always readily available. Even when such tools are accessible, they tend to be hard-coded, lacking in compositionality, and challenging to use due to a steep learning curve. In this paper, we introduce a methodology designed for the formal verification of MAS in a modular and versatile manner, along with an initial prototype, that we named VITAMIN. Unlike existing verification methodologies and frameworks for MAS, VITAMIN is constructed for easy extension to accommodate various logics (for specifying the properties to verify) and models (for determining on what to verify such properties).

Unambiguous identification of the rewards driving behaviours of entities operating in complex open-ended real-world environments is difficult, partly because goals and associated behaviours emerge endogenously and are dynamically updated as environments change. Reproducing such dynamics in models would be useful in many domains, particularly where fixed reward functions limit the adaptive capabilities of agents. Simulation experiments described assess a candidate algorithm for the dynamic updating of rewards, RULE: Reward Updating through Learning and Expectation. The approach is tested in a simplified ecosystem-like setting where experiments challenge entities' survival, calling for significant behavioural change. The population of entities successfully demonstrate the abandonment of an initially rewarded but ultimately detrimental behaviour, amplification of beneficial behaviour, and appropriate responses to novel items added to their environment. These adjustment happen through endogenous modification of the entities' underlying reward function, during continuous learning, without external intervention.

The automatic construction of knowledge graphs (KGs) is an important research area in medicine, with far-reaching applications spanning drug discovery and clinical trial design. These applications hinge on the accurate identification of interactions among medical and biological entities. In this study, we propose an end-to-end machine learning solution based on large language models (LLMs) that utilize electronic medical record notes to construct KGs. The entities used in the KG construction process are diseases, factors, treatments, as well as manifestations that coexist with the patient while experiencing the disease. Given the critical need for high-quality performance in medical applications, we embark on a comprehensive assessment of 12 LLMs of various architectures, evaluating their performance and safety attributes. To gauge the quantitative efficacy of our approach by assessing both precision and recall, we manually annotate a dataset provided by the Macula and Retina Institute. We also assess the qualitative performance of LLMs, such as the ability to generate structured outputs or the tendency to hallucinate. The results illustrate that in contrast to encoder-only and encoder-decoder, decoder-only LLMs require further investigation. Additionally, we provide guided prompt design to utilize such LLMs. The application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated on age-related macular degeneration.

Pillwork releases its app Pillwork that allows people to easily compare and purchase health supplements in the first-half year. The app is designed to help consumers gain a highly reliable information of health supplements for purchase. Users can check information and reviews of health supplements in need after signing up. Currently, the app carries information of about 20,000 products worldwide. It can also scan a pill bottle off the shelf and search the information of pill, shortening the time of purchase dramatically.

When chatbots first came onto the scene, they were nothing more than glorified virtual talking dumpsters. And, left us feeling frustrated and unfulfilled. But, since their first rather underwhelming debut, they've advanced at alarming rates. Today, there are chatbots for practically everything… seriously. But, besides just making our personal lives easier to live, recent advancements in chatbots can also help us at work -- especially from a marketing and sales basis -- literally having the power to transform any small tactical growth team into a robo-powered lead generating juggernaut. But, before we dive into just how dramatic of an impact chatbots can have on our businesses, let's first get a better idea of what a chatbot really is -- because it's a bit ambiguous, don't you think?

When chatbots first came onto the scene, they were nothing more than glorified virtual talking dumpsters. And, left us feeling frustrated and unfulfilled. But, since their first rather underwhelming debut, they've advanced at alarming rates. Today, there are chatbots for practically everything… seriously. But, besides just making our personal lives easier to live, recent advancements in chatbots can also help us at work -- especially from a marketing and sales basis -- literally having the power to transform any small tactical growth team into a robo-powered lead generating juggernaut. But, before we dive into just how dramatic of an impact chatbots can have on our businesses, let's first get a better idea of what a chatbot really is -- because it's a bit ambiguous, don't you think?