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Direct Preference-Based Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization with Dueling Bandits
The ultimate goal of multi-objective optimization (MO) is to assist human decision-makers (DMs) in identifying solutions of interest (SOI) that optimally reconcile multiple objectives according to their preferences. Yet, current PBEMO approaches are prone to be inefficient and misaligned with the DM's true aspirations, especially when inadvertently exploiting mis-calibrated reward models. This is further exacerbated when considering the stochastic nature of human feedback. This paper proposes a novel framework that navigates MO to SOI by directly leveraging human feedback without being restricted by a predefined reward model nor cumbersome model selection. Specifically, we developed a clustering-based stochastic dueling bandits algorithm that strategically scales well to high-dimensional dueling bandits, and achieves a regret of \mathcal{O}(K 2\log T), where K is the number of clusters and T is the number of rounds.
SOI: Scaling Down Computational Complexity by Estimating Partial States of the Model
Consumer electronics used to follow the miniaturization trend described by Moore's Law. Despite increased processing power in Microcontroller Units (MCUs), MCUs used in the smallest appliances are still not capable of running even moderately big, state-of-the-art artificial neural networks (ANNs) especially in time-sensitive scenarios. In this work, we present a novel method called Scattered Online Inference (SOI) that aims to reduce the computational complexity of ANNs. By applying compression, SOI generates more general inner partial states of ANN, allowing skipping full model recalculation at each inference.
SOI: Scaling Down Computational Complexity by Estimating Partial States of the Model
Stefaลski, Grzegorz, Daniluk, Paweล, Szumaczuk, Artur, Tkaczuk, Jakub
Consumer electronics used to follow the miniaturization trend described by Moore's Law. Despite increased processing power in Microcontroller Units (MCUs), MCUs used in the smallest appliances are still not capable of running even moderately big, state-of-the-art artificial neural networks (ANNs) especially in time-sensitive scenarios. In this work, we present a novel method called Scattered Online Inference (SOI) that aims to reduce the computational complexity of ANNs. SOI leverages the continuity and seasonality of time-series data and model predictions, enabling extrapolation for processing speed improvements, particularly in deeper layers. By applying compression, SOI generates more general inner partial states of ANN, allowing skipping full model recalculation at each inference.
Interactive Perception for Deformable Object Manipulation
Weng, Zehang, Zhou, Peng, Yin, Hang, Kravberg, Alexander, Varava, Anastasiia, Navarro-Alarcon, David, Kragic, Danica
Interactive perception enables robots to manipulate the environment and objects to bring them into states that benefit the perception process. Deformable objects pose challenges to this due to significant manipulation difficulty and occlusion in vision-based perception. In this work, we address such a problem with a setup involving both an active camera and an object manipulator. Our approach is based on a sequential decision-making framework and explicitly considers the motion regularity and structure in coupling the camera and manipulator. We contribute a method for constructing and computing a subspace, called Dynamic Active Vision Space (DAVS), for effectively utilizing the regularity in motion exploration. The effectiveness of the framework and approach are validated in both a simulation and a real dual-arm robot setup. Our results confirm the necessity of an active camera and coordinative motion in interactive perception for deformable objects.
Bimanual Deformable Bag Manipulation Using a Structure-of-Interest Based Latent Dynamics Model
Zhou, Peng, Zheng, Pai, Qi, Jiaming, Li, Chenxi, Yang, Chenguang, Navarro-Alarcon, David, Pan, Jia
The manipulation of deformable objects by robotic systems presents a significant challenge due to their complex and infinite-dimensional configuration spaces. This paper introduces a novel approach to Deformable Object Manipulation (DOM) by emphasizing the identification and manipulation of Structures of Interest (SOIs) in deformable fabric bags. We propose a bimanual manipulation framework that leverages a Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based latent dynamics model to succinctly represent and predict the behavior of these SOIs. Our approach involves constructing a graph representation from partial point cloud data of the object and learning the latent dynamics model that effectively captures the essential deformations of the fabric bag within a reduced computational space. By integrating this latent dynamics model with Model Predictive Control (MPC), we empower robotic manipulators to perform precise and stable manipulation tasks focused on the SOIs. We have validated our framework through various empirical experiments demonstrating its efficacy in bimanual manipulation of fabric bags. Our contributions not only address the complexities inherent in DOM but also provide new perspectives and methodologies for enhancing robotic interactions with deformable objects by concentrating on their critical structural elements. Experimental videos can be obtained from https://sites.google.com/view/bagbot.
Soy: An Efficient MILP Solver for Piecewise-Affine Systems
Wu, Haoze, Wu, Min, Sadigh, Dorsa, Barrett, Clark
Piecewise-affine (PWA) systems are widely used for modeling and control of robotics problems including modeling contact dynamics. A common approach is to encode the control problem of the PWA system as a Mixed-Integer Convex Program (MICP), which can be solved by general-purpose off-the-shelf MICP solvers. To mitigate the scalability challenge of solving these MICP problems, existing work focuses on devising efficient and strong formulations of the problems, while less effort has been spent on exploiting their specific structure to develop specialized solvers. The latter is the theme of our work. We focus on efficiently handling one-hot constraints, which are particularly relevant when encoding PWA dynamics. We have implemented our techniques in a tool, Soy, which organically integrates logical reasoning, arithmetic reasoning, and stochastic local search. For a set of PWA control benchmarks, Soy solves more problems, faster, than two state-of-the-art MICP solvers.
Top 5 AI Collaborations Between Indian Govt And Tech Giants In 2019
Prime Minister Narendra Modi's second term saw a slew of initiatives started in order to adapt cutting-edge technologies in the economy. The Interim Budget 2019 discussed the national program for the development of emerging technologies like robotics, IoT and AI, among others. However, the Indian think tank NITI Aayog has clearly been at the forefront of looking at the adoption of new-age technologies for bettering government service. In this article, we list down the top 5 AI collaborations between the Government of India and the tech giants in 2019. After signing a statement of intent (SoI) last year, this year in March, NITI Aayog joined hands with ABB and organised a workshop in order to help the MSMEs to understand how the Indian economy can be digitised with the help of emerging technologies like AI, big data and digital connectivity.