The real world and its digital twin are collaborating to bring forth something called "mass customisation", a new manufacturing culture which, as the term suggests, will be the basis for the most diverse ecosystem of engineered products ever seen. To understand and articulate some specifics about what's being called "the new frontier of manufacturing", one of the world's largest management consultancy firms, Deloitte, partnered with the Singularity University, a forum for technology futurists co-founded by Ray Kurzweil, to organise a conference called Exponential Manufacturing, featuring many thought leaders working in the industrial sector. The Singularity University says the idea of the event was to bring together the world's top experts in technology and manufacturing industries to help participants gain a deeper understanding of the core technologies reshaping manufacturing's future, including: While each item on the above list is a huge subject in and of itself, experts in the field of manufacturing and technology who took part in the Exponential Manufacturing seminar say they can all be summarised in certain ways, as explained in a video produced for the event (above). Peter Diamandis, co-founder and chairman of Singularity University, says: "The ability to go from intentionality – what's in your mind, what's in the consumer's mind – to actually having it right then and there, fast and cheap, is ultimately what all these technologies are converging to make happen." Often, all these diverse technologies – as they are applied to manufacturing and related sectors – are indirectly referenced in the catch-all term Industry 4.0, which itself refers to the idea that the world is going through the fourth industrial revolution.