Banks seem to hate when their customers go on holiday. Somewhere in the world, Joe Bloggs has gambled that he won't need to bring cash with him to sunny Sweden, since the Swedes seem to accept card payments more or less everywhere. As soon as he taps his plastic to the reader, however, there's still a small chance that his bank decides to block the transaction. After all, say the algorithms, what evidence is there in the corporate records that Mr Bloggs is ever likely to pay for his kladkakka in Stockholm? Billions of these types of decisions are made every day by machine learning (ML) algorithms in banks.

Francesco Petruccione was born in 1961 in Genova (Italy). He studied Physics at the University of Freiburg i. Br. and received his PhD in 1988. He was conferred the "Habilitation" degree (Dr. In 2004 he was appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), in Durban (South Africa). In 2005 he was awarded an Innovation Fund grant to set up a Centre for Quantum Technology.

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Becoming a physicist was not Maria Schuld's life goal. As an undergrad, she started out studying political science, taking physics in parallel. Her plan was to work for a nonprofit organization in a capacity that had a very clear benefit to society. But then, she says, "life happened"--jobs fell through and other opportunities opened up--and she found herself with a career in quantum machine learning. Today Schuld, who works for the Canadian quantum computing company Xanadu from her home in South Africa, says that she has matured in what she thinks it means for a person to benefit society.