Son who used AI to help save mum's life hopes case offers Parkinson's clues Image caption, Ed Patrick and his mother, Ann, who has Parkinson's Disease, and father John An NHS doctor who says he saved his mum's life with the help of AI hopes what he learned can help others with Parkinson's Disease complications. Ed Patrick, an anaesthetist from Oxfordshire, was at his mother's bedside in hospital ready to say his goodbyes after she began suffering serious and continuous seizures. Using AI to scour recent medical journal articles, he said he identified a vitamin deficiency linked to her Parkinson's medication as a possible cause, and staff then gave her a vitamin dose that appeared to stop the seizures. Doctors say clinical trials are needed to understand more - and warn against patients making changes to their own medication without medical advice. Charity Parkinson's UK welcomed the prospect of more research trials in light of this case and said it could transform care for some others with Parkinson's. In May this year Patrick said hospital staff called to say his mother, Ann, was close to death, after she had been deteriorating over several months.

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Score 0 4 (normal) is most common across cohorts, while score 3 (severe) is rare--especially in PD-GaM 5 and 3DGait, highlighting class imbalance challenges. BMCLab offers a balanced ON/OFF medication split, 7 while E-LC is skewed toward ON-medication. DNE includes healthy, Parkinsonian, and other disease 8 groups for broader contrastive training. Figure A.3 shows label distributions for FoG-related cohorts. This artifact likely stems from the unusual top-down perspective--different from the front15 facing or side views seen in WHAM's training data [1]. While motion encoder-based models may be 16 robust to such distortions, feature-based gait classifiers rely on precise kinematic measurements and 17 thus require carefully corrected input data. To correct this slope artifact, we perform a frame-wise 18 rigid alignment of the reconstructed SMPL skeleton using the Kabsch algorithm [2]. The goal is to 19 rotate each frame so that anatomical directions align with canonical coordinate axes (up, forward), 20 while preserving natural gait structure. This motion 28 vector is then projected onto the ground plane (xz-plane) and used as the walking axis. In frames where the sacrum displacement is less than 30 4mm--indicating near-stationary posture--we fall back on a proxy direction: the cross product of 31 the hip vector (left hip to right hip) and the vertical vector.

Objective gait assessment in Parkinson's Disease (PD) is limited by the absence of large, diverse, and clinically annotated motion datasets. We introduce CARE-PD, the largest publicly available archive of 3D mesh gait data for PD, and the first multi-site collection spanning 9 cohorts from 8 clinical centers. All recordings (RGB video or motion capture) are converted into anonymized SMPL meshes via a harmonized preprocessing pipeline. CARE-PD supports two key benchmarks: supervised clinical score prediction (estimating Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, UPDRS, gait scores) and unsupervised motion pretext tasks (2D-to-3D keypoint lifting and full-body 3D reconstruction). Clinical prediction is evaluated under four generalization protocols: within-dataset, cross-dataset, leave-one-dataset-out, and multi-dataset in-domain adaptation. To assess clinical relevance, we compare state-of-the-art motion encoders with a traditional gait-feature baseline, finding that encoders consistently outperform handcrafted features. Pretraining on CARE-PD reduces MPJPE (from 60.8 mm to 7.5 mm) and boosts PD severity macro-F1 by 17 percentage points, underscoring the value of clinically curated, diverse training data. CARE-PD and all benchmark code are released for non-commercial research at https://neurips2025.care-pd.ca.

Objective gait assessment in Parkinson's Disease (PD) is limited by the absence of large, diverse, and clinically annotated motion datasets. We introduce Care-PD, the largest publicly available archive of 3D mesh gait data for PD, and the first multi-site collection spanning 9 cohorts from 8 clinical centers. All recordings (RGB video or motion capture) are converted into anonymized SMPL meshes via a harmonized preprocessing pipeline. Care-PD supports two key benchmarks: supervised clinical score prediction (estimating Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, UPDRS, gait scores) and unsupervised motion pretext tasks (2D-to-3D keypoint lifting and full-body 3D reconstruction). Clinical prediction is evaluated under four generalization protocols: within-dataset, cross-dataset, leave-one-dataset-out, and multi-dataset in-domain adaptation.To assess clinical relevance, we compare state-of-the-art motion encoders with a traditional gait-feature baseline, finding that encoders consistently outperform handcrafted features. Pretraining on Care-PD reduces MPJPE (from 60.8mm to 7.5mm) and boosts PD severity macro-F1 by 17\%, underscoring the value of clinically curated, diverse training data. Care-PD and all benchmark code are released for non-commercial research (Code, Data).

Effective medication management in Parkinson's Disease (PD) is challenging due to heterogeneous disease progression, variable patient response, and medication side effects. While AI models can forecast levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) as a measure of medication needs, standard uncertainty quantification often fails to communicate the reliability of these predictions, treating high and low confidence clinical decisions identically. We introduce CASCADE (Calibrated Adaptive Scaling via Conformal And Distributional Estimation), a novel conformal prediction framework that propagates epistemic uncertainty from a screening classifier to adapt downstream predictions. Unlike standard conformal methods that rely on auxiliary residual regression, we leverage epistemic uncertainty from a primary classification task (identifying whether a medication change is needed) to dynamically scale the prediction intervals of a secondary regression task (predicting how much change). By mapping Venn-Abers multi-probabilistic uncertainty directly to non-conformity scores, our framework achieves continuous risk adaptation. We demonstrate that this ``cascade effect'' produces highly efficient intervals for confident patients (38.9% narrower than standard conformal baselines) while automatically expanding intervals to ensure robust coverage for uncertain cases, bridging the gap between discrete clinical decision-making and continuous dose forecasting in PD.

We include all our annotations and extracted landmarks. This ensures that we uphold the highest standards of ethical data usage. In Table A1, we summarize the severity label distribution in Y ouTubePD. We also summarize the demographic distribution in Y ouTubePD, split between PD-positive and healthy control (HC), or PD-negative, subjects. This decision is based on the clinician's suggestion, since an accurate UPDRS facial expression rating would require more This strategy also allows for a finer classification.