Sheets of metal just two atoms thick can be produced by squashing molten droplets at great pressure between two sapphires. The researchers who developed the process say the unusual materials could have applications in industrial chemistry, optics and computers. Last year, scientists created a gold sheet that was a single atom thick, which they dubbed "goldene" after graphene, a material made of a single layer of carbon atoms. Such materials have been described as two-dimensional, as they are as thin as chemically possible. But making other 2D metals hadn't been possible until now. The new technique, developed by Luojun Du at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues, can create 2D sheets of bismuth, gallium, indium, tin and lead that are as thin as their atomic bonds allow.

There has been considerable recent interest in explainability in AI, especially with black-box machine learning models. As correctly observed by the planning community, when the application at hand is not a single-shot decision or prediction, but a sequence of actions that depend on observations, a richer notion of explanations are desirable. In this paper, we look to provide a formal account of ``counterfactual explanations," based in terms of action sequences. We then show that this naturally leads to an account of model reconciliation, which might take the form of the user correcting the agent's model, or suggesting actions to the agent's plan. For this, we will need to articulate what is true versus what is known, and we appeal to a modal fragment of the situation calculus to formalise these intuitions. We consider various settings: the agent knowing partial truths, weakened truths and having false beliefs, and show that our definitions easily generalize to these different settings.

Video games and heavy metal music have long shared a passing curiosity with one another. Look no further than the iconography of Doom, or Tim Schafer's Brütal Legend, for evidence of that. But it was in the mid 00s – during the reign of music and rhythm games such as Guitar Hero – that the link was most obvious. Count me among the ranks of those who learned about Pantera and Megadeth by way of the plastic instrument. Which is why this year's Metal: Hellsinger is on my radar.

For the 0.3.3 release of PlaidML, support for running deep learning networks on macOS has improved with the ability to use Apple's native Metal API. Metal offers "near-direct access to the graphics processing unit (GPU)", allowing machine learning tasks to run faster on any Mac where Metal is supported. As previously announced, Mac users could accelerate their PlaidML workloads by using the OpenCL backend. In our internal testing, in some cases, we see an up to 5x speed up by using Metal over OpenCL. Next, run plaidml-setup to select the desired Metal-based device.

Summary Eurisko is an AI program that learns by discovery We are applying Eurisko to the task of inventing new kinds of three-dimensional microelectronic devices that can then be fabricated using recently developed laser recrystallization techniques Three experiments have been conducted, and some novel designs and design rules have emerged. The paradigm for Eurisko's exploration is a loop in which it. Many of the well-known primitive devices were synthesized quickly, such as the MOSFET, Junction Diode, and Bipolar Transistor. This was unsurprising, as they were short sentences in the descriptive language we had defined (a language with verbs like Abut and ApplyEField, and with nouns like nDopedRegion and IntrinsicChannelRegion) Future We wish to thank those graduate students who have aided us in the construction of RLL, the language in which Eurisko is written, most notably Greg Harris at CMIJ and Russ Grciner at Stanford.