In the summer of 2023, Ilya Sutskever, a co-founder and the chief scientist of OpenAI, was meeting with a group of new researchers at the company. By all traditional metrics, Sutskever should have felt invincible: He was the brain behind the large language models that helped build ChatGPT, then the fastest-growing app in history; his company's valuation had skyrocketed; and OpenAI was the unrivaled leader of the industry believed to power the future of Silicon Valley. But the chief scientist seemed to be at war with himself. Sutskever had long believed that artificial general intelligence, or AGI, was inevitable--now, as things accelerated in the generative-AI industry, he believed AGI's arrival was imminent, according to Geoff Hinton, an AI pioneer who was his Ph.D. adviser and mentor, and another person familiar with Sutskever's thinking. To people around him, Sutskever seemed consumed by thoughts of this impending civilizational transformation. What would the world look like when a supreme AGI emerged and surpassed humanity? And what responsibility did OpenAI have to ensure an end state of extraordinary prosperity, not extraordinary suffering?

OpenAI's chief executive Sam Altman will return to the company's board of directors after a probe into his brief sacking and subsequent rehiring. An investigation by law firm WilmerHale found that Altman's conduct "did not mandate his removal" last year, OpenAI said in a blog post on Friday. Altman's firing was instead due to a "breakdown in the relationship and loss of trust" between the 38-year-old entrepreneur and the previous board, the company said. OpenAI said it had "full confidence" in Altman's ongoing leadership at the artificial intelligence startup after reviewing the law firm's findings. "WilmerHale found that the prior Board acted within its broad discretion to terminate Mr. Altman, but also found that his conduct did not mandate removal," the company said in a summary of the report.

Earlier this month, OpenAI's board abruptly fired its popular CEO, Sam Altman. The ouster shocked the tech world and rankled Altman's loyal employees, the vast majority of whom threatened to quit unless their boss was reinstated. After a chaotic five-day exile, Altman got his old job back--with a reconfigured, all-male board overseeing him, led by ex-Salesforce CEO and former Twitter board chair Bret Taylor. Right now, only three people sit on this provisional OpenAI board. Immediately prior to the failed coup, there were six.

Two of the board members who voted Altman out worked for think tanks backed by Open Philanthropy, a tech billionaire-backed foundation that supports projects preventing AI from causing catastrophic risk to humanity: Helen Toner, the director of strategy and foundational research grants for Center for Security and Emerging Technology at Georgetown, and Tasha McCauley, whose LinkedIn profile says she began work as an adjunct senior management scientist at Rand Corporation earlier this year. Toner has previously spoken at conferences for a philanthropic movement closely tied to AI safety. McCauley is also involved in the work.

Smartphones, like many consumer products, arrive in the US on giant container ships, vessels that are leading killers of endangered whales that play crucial roles in the climate and ocean health. Now a high-tech initiative called Whale Safe is detecting the huge marine mammals off the coast of San Francisco and alerting ship captains to slow down to avoid deadly collisions. Launched on Wednesday, Whale Safe aims to create "school zones" for imperiled blue whales, fin whales and humpback whales in busy shipping lanes, according to the project's managers at the Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory at the University of California at Santa Barbara and at the Bay Area's Marine Mammal Center. Speeders are caught by satellite surveillance and cited online. That gives consumers the opportunity to see, for instance, if that cruise they're contemplating is operated by a company with a history of ignoring sea speed limits.

Smartphones, like many consumer products, arrive in the US on giant container ships, vessels that are leading killers of endangered whales that play crucial roles in the climate and ocean health. Now a high-tech initiative called Whale Safe is detecting the huge marine mammals off the coast of San Francisco and alerting ship captains to slow down to avoid deadly collisions. Launched on Wednesday, Whale Safe aims to create "school zones" for imperilled blue whales, fin whales and humpback whales in busy shipping lanes, according to the project's managers at the Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory at the University of California at Santa Barbara and at the Bay Area's Marine Mammal Center. Speeders are caught by satellite surveillance and cited online. That gives consumers the opportunity to see, for instance, if that cruise they're contemplating is operated by a company with a history of ignoring sea speed limits.

At the Goodwood festival of speed near Chichester, the crowds gathered at the hill-climb circuit to watch the world's fastest cars roar past, as they do every year. But not far from the high-octane action, there was a new, and quieter, attraction: a display of the latest electric vehicles, from the £28,000 Mini Electric to the £2m Lotus Evija hypercar. Even here, at one of the biggest events in Britain's petrolhead calendar, it's clear the days of the internal combustion engine are numbered. As countries strive to meet stringent carbon-emission targets, and vehicle-makers phase out combustion engines, 145m electric vehicles are predicted to be on the roads within a decade, up from 11m last year. The car batteries they require, along with storage batteries for solar and wind power, have sent demand for metals soaring, taking mining firms to the bottom of the sea in the hunt for those metals.

Once rare off Southern California beaches, great white sharks are beginning to show up more often. The newcomers are mostly juvenile sharks, which prefer the warm waters closer to shore. That means many beachgoers who are now spotting sharks have never seen the predators before. "When these little fins started to pop up, everyone was scrambling to figure out what was going on," said Douglas J. McCauley, a marine science professor and the director of the Benioff Ocean Initiative at the University of California, Santa Barbara. A new project using artificial intelligence called SharkEye may help keep track of these fearsome fish.

White sharks are being spotted off the Pacific coast more than ever before. A 2014 study found that, at minimum, California's shark population now exceeds 2,000. And the California Department of Fish and Wildlife reports that since 1950, there's been at least 158 documented cases where a shark approached a person in the water, 44 of which occurred since 2010. Those numbers are at best rough estimates -- tracking shark encounters is an imperfect science largely reliant on first-hand reports. But members of Salesforce's Einstein AI team and oceanographers at the University of California's nonprofit Benioff Ocean Initiative say they've developed a better solution in a system that susses out great whites from drone footage.

How do you study the world's more widespread predator? When a team of researchers set out to see how prevalent industrial fishing was around the world--who was fishing where and when--they were met with a dearth of information. They lacked access to vessel monitoring systems closely held by regional fishery managers, says Juan Mayorga, a marine data scientist from National Geographic's Pristine Seas project. And that information would have shown only pieces of the puzzle. To circumvent this obstacle, Mayorga and a team of researchers took a step back--way back--and tracked marine vessels from space, using satellites to learn where industrial fishing vessels fished and when.