We propose a logic of east and west (LEW ) for points in 1D Euclidean space. It formalises primitive direction relations: east (E), west (W) and indeterminate east/west (Iew). It has a parameter τ ∈ N>1, which is referred to as the level of indeterminacy in directions. For every τ ∈ N>1, we provide a sound and complete axiomatisation of LEW , and prove that its satisfiability problem is NP-complete. In addition, we show that the finite axiomatisability of LEW depends on τ : if τ = 2 or τ = 3, then there exists a finite sound and complete axiomatisation; if τ > 3, then the logic is not finitely axiomatisable. LEW can be easily extended to higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces. Extending LEW to 2D Euclidean space makes it suitable for reasoning about not perfectly aligned representations of the same spatial objects in different datasets, for example, in crowd-sourced digital maps.

Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew said Monday that Americans have reaped significant benefits from the international architecture put in place after World War II and the United States would be making a serious mistake to retreat from its global leadership role. In a speech before the Council on Foreign Relations, Lew sought to counter arguments being advanced by Donald Trump and other Republican presidential candidates that Americans are losing badly in competition with China and other countries in the global economy. Lew said that the United States needs to embrace new players on the global economic stage and make sure they meet the standards of the trading system that the country helped create. "The worst possible outcome would be to step away from our leadership role and let others fill in behind us," he said. Lew's comments came in advance of global finance meetings later this week.