In the have-not camp, they warn, will be university labs, which have traditionally been a wellspring of innovations that eventually power new products and services. "The huge computing resources these companies have pose a threat -- the universities cannot compete," said Craig Knoblock, executive director of the Information Sciences Institute, a research lab at the University of Southern California. The research scientists' warnings come amid rising concern about the power of the big tech companies. Most of the focus has been on the current generation of technology -- search, online advertising, social media and e-commerce. But the scientists are worried about a barrier to exploring the technological future, when that requires staggering amounts of computing.

All the above made important contributions to productivity in both manufacturing and the incremental improvement in the average land speed (and comfort) of transportation within the United States. However, none matched, or came close, to the first burst of productivity that the automobile brought to the general economy in terms of freeing people (and business) from geographical constraints caused by horse power (slow ground speed), rail (limited connections), and inland water transportation (physical limitations). In addition, there were secondary productivity effects from the first innovation. For example, in 1900 there were between 100,000 to 200,000 horses in New York City, causing a horse manure crisis.[5] An estimated 20,000 New Yorkers died each year from illnesses related to the pileup of manure and dead horses in the streets.

This is a demonstration of "steady hand" robotic guidance. Attendees will be invited to have a "hands on" experience with the robot. The exhibit will also show two compact, image-guided robot systems developed for prostate biopsy and brachytherapy applications. Video will show other related activities from the NSF Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical Systems and Technology (CISST).