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The Future of AI in the GCC Post-NPM Landscape: A Comparative Analysis of Kuwait and the UAE

Albous, Mohammad Rashed, Alboloushi, Bedour, Lacheret, Arnaud

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Comparative evidence of how two Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states translate artificial intelligence (AI) ambitions into post-New Public Management (post-NPM) outcomes are scarce because most studies focus on Western democracies. To fill this gap, we examine constitutional, collective choice, and operational rules that shape AI uptake in two contrasting GCC members, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kuwait, and whether they foster citizen centricity, collaborative governance, and public value creation. Anchored in Ostrom's Institutional Analysis and Development framework, the study integrates a most similar/ most different systems design with multiple sources: 62 public documents issued between 2018 and 2025, embedded UAE cases (Smart Dubai and MBZUAI), and 39 interviews with officials conducted from Aug 2024 to May 2025. Dual coding and process tracing connect rule configurations to AI performance. Our cross-case analysis identifies four mutually reinforcing mechanisms behind divergent trajectories. In the UAE, concentrated authority, credible sanctions, pro-innovation narratives, and flexible reinvestment rules transform pilots into hundreds of operating services and significant recycled savings. Kuwait's dispersed veto points, exhortative sanctions, cautious discourse, and lapsed AI budgets, by contrast, confine initiatives to pilot mode de - spite equivalent fiscal resources. These findings refine institutional theory by showing that vertical rule coherence, not wealth, determines AI's public value yield, and temper post-NPM optimism by revealing that efficiency metrics advance societal goals only when backed by enforceable safeguards. To curb ethics washing and test the transferability of these mechanisms beyond the GCC, future research should track rule diffusion over time, experiment with blended legitimacy-efficiency scorecards, and investigate how narrative framing shapes citizen consent for data sharing.


An AI-Generated News Presenter, Fedha Welcomes You in Kuwait!

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An AI-Generated news presenter has been introduced by Kuwait News, an online news organization connected to the Kuwait Times. Fedha, the host, made her debut in a brief 13-second film during which she introduced herself in Arabic. She also solicited feedback from the audience regarding their preferred source of news. The outlet's Twitter account published the video. Additionally, Fedha will reportedly use a typical Kuwaiti accent to provide news updates on the website's social media accounts. A new revolution has begun in the media industry!


AI generated newsreader debuts in Kuwait

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An AI generated newsreader has been revealed by a media outlet in Kuwait. Kuwait News posted a video to their Twitter account over the weekend showing the computerised anchor introducing "herself" as "Fedha". The AI video showed a blonde woman wearing a black jacket and a white T-shirt. "I'm Fedha, the first presenter in Kuwait who works with artificial intelligence at Kuwait News. What kind of news do you prefer? Let's hear your opinions," she said in Arabic.


News presenter generated with AI appears in Kuwait

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A Kuwaiti media outlet has unveiled a virtual news presenter generated using artificial intelligence, with plans for it to read online bulletins. "Fedha" appeared on the Twitter account of the Kuwait News website on Saturday as an image of a woman, her light-colored hair uncovered, wearing a black jacket and white T-shirt. "I'm Fedha, the first presenter in Kuwait who works with artificial intelligence at Kuwait News. What kind of news do you prefer? Let's hear your opinions," she said in classical Arabic.


AI-generated news presenter appears in Kuwait

Al Jazeera

A Kuwaiti media outlet has unveiled a virtual news presenter generated using artificial intelligence, with plans for it to read online bulletins. "Fedha" appeared on the Twitter account of the Kuwait News website as an image of a woman, her light-coloured hair uncovered, wearing a black jacket and white T-shirt. "I'm Fedha, the first presenter in Kuwait who works with artificial intelligence at Kuwait News. What kind of news do you prefer? Let's hear your opinions," she was heard saying in classical Arabic.


Five Nations Joins Hand to Launch Digital Cooperation Organization

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Founded by Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia, the DCO is to be driven by a vision to realize a digital future for all by empowering women, youth, and entrepreneurs, growing the digital economy, and leapfrogging with innovation. "We are joining hands together towards a commitment to drive consensus on digital cooperation to make sure that we seize an opportunity for our youth, our women and our entrepreneurs with the ambition to grow our combined digital economy to one trillion dollars in the next 3-5 years," said Abdullah Amer Al-Swaha, Saudi Arabia's Minister of Communications and Information Technology. "Our future prosperity will depend on the digital economy. But it can only reach its full potential if we are able to make governments work together collectively with businesses, and entrepreneurs so they can survive and thrive, expand their depth into current markets, and open doors for everyone into new ones." The launch of the DCO follows the conclusion of Saudi Arabia's G20 Presidency to maintain the Kingdom's momentum on accelerating the growth of the digital economy across the region and the globe, as nations everywhere increase their adoption of remote learning, telemedicine, and contact-less economic systems to survive and thrive beyond the social and economic impact of COVID-19.


Could Artificial Intelligence be the answer to economic diversification in the GCC?

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Erratic oil prices in recent years have made economic diversification essential, and AI is an alternate solution. Having made an early start, these states are positioned to become a key player in AI technology. Dividing the Middle East into four main regions, first, the UAE, second, Saudi Arabia, the GCC 4 comprising of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman and Qatar on third and lastly Egypt, a PWC research expects the Arab states to accrue two percent of the total global benefits in the next ten years. Projected to mark the highest gains, the UAE would get nearly 14 percent on its GDP in 2030 while the kingdom of Saudi Arabia should make over US $135 billion by that time as well, this being nearly 12.4 percent of its GDP. Assigning large budgets for the speedy implementation of AI, these two GCC states have made a major impact.


The potential impact of Artificial Intelligence in the Middle East Countries

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The advanced technologies are impacting major cities in the Middle East that rising both economically and creating opportunities for business. UAE is the fastest growing city has a unique strategic plan, economic vision, and deep resources and attractive business concerns to disruption of AI in all areas. The artificial intelligence has the capability to solve various problems and greatest challenges that effect to improve resources in the Middle East countries. The Middle East countries like Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia are leading the direction to implement artificial intelligence services in their private and public domains. The advanced technology making a huge impact on human lives that will provide huge success in business and credible process to reduce risk in the operations by reducing deception methods.


Can Machine Learning Be Used For The Detection Of Autism?

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is typically diagnosed in early childhood, but genetic detection of this brain disorder could mean more timely interventions that improve life for the patient and their carers. A new study suggests that machine learning algorithms might be used to analyze genetic data that points to an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis before symptoms become obvious. Fuad Alkoot of PAAET in Kuwait, and Abdullah Alqallaf of Kuwait University, Kuwait, explain that unlike other conditions, such as cancer, little heed has been taken to the possibility of early genetic detection of autism. This is despite the fact that an early diagnosis could be very useful to parents and carers. The team has now developed a four-stage computerized neural network system for testing simplified genetic data.


Can robots improve Kuwait's educational sector?

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During Kuwait's third National Competition for Robotics held at the Nusaibah Bet Kaab School for girls on April 18, one question continually came to the fore: can robotics play a role in improving education? Robotics competitions offer a chance to encourage students to build their own solutions to real-world problems using science and maths. Building a robot is a meticulous and difficult process that requires collaborative efforts from all team members. "The role of these competitions is important to develop the abilities and potential of students and to encourage innovation in scientific sectors, which might see great leaps today," said Kuwait's minister of education and higher education Bader Al-Issa. Around 20 projects developed by elementary and middle school students were exhibited at the competition.