Current software documentation practices don't adequately serve developers. The ultimate goal of software documentation is to help developers find and fix code quickly and efficiently. Still, in most cases, code comments are difficult to understand, incomplete, out of date and untrustworthy to many developers, often resulting in significant additional work and unintended business risks. Traditionally, supplying detailed documentation and comments in code can help developers quickly get the context surrounding the code they are working on, resulting in increased productivity. While documentation and comments are an important part of software engineering, poor or insufficient documentation is a widespread problem that can ultimately create more problems for developers and negatively impact the business.

The Industrial Revolution was a time of great change. With the steam engine, industries shifted away from skilled human labour towards mechanisation and machinery. As a result, many specialised workers lost their jobs and were forced to adapt to their new reality. The Luddites, a radical organisation of textile workers who were made redundant by textile machines, retaliated by destroying these machines and assassinated business owners. The Luddites gained public sympathy as many were afraid that they, like the retrenched textile workers, would lose their jobs to automated machinery.

While AI has benefited humans, it may also harm humans if not appropriately developed. We conducted a literature review of current related work in developing AI systems from an HCI perspective. Different from other approaches, our focus is on the unique characteristics of AI technology and the differences between non-AI computing systems and AI systems. We further elaborate on the human-centered AI (HCAI) approach that we proposed in 2019. Our review and analysis highlight unique issues in developing AI systems which HCI professionals have not encountered in non-AI computing systems. To further enable the implementation of HCAI, we promote the research and application of human-AI interaction (HAII) as an interdisciplinary collaboration. There are many opportunities for HCI professionals to play a key role to make unique contributions to the main HAII areas as we identified. To support future HCI practice in the HAII area, we also offer enhanced HCI methods and strategic recommendations. In conclusion, we believe that promoting the HAII research and application will further enable the implementation of HCAI, enabling HCI professionals to address the unique issues of AI systems and develop human-centered AI systems.

Asimov was essentially an optimist, but he realised that future AI devices, and their designers, might need a little help keeping on the straight and narrow. Hence his famous Three Laws, which have influence in science and technology circles to this day. Now, almost 80 years later, legal academic and artificial intelligence expert Frank Pasquale has added four additional principles. He's given RN's Future Tense podcast the lowdown. Here's what you need to know.

To achieve IA implementation success plan for a partnership, and not replacement, between humans and machines. Buy-in is crucial, of course. So educate your workforce about IA and plan for hero moments. Engage the IA experts early to ensure data quality, even if you're just starting to collect data. Depiction of the helpful AI "GERTY" from Moon (2009), directed by Duncan Jones There are several keys to implementing a reliable Intelligence Augmentation (IA) solution that scales and provides maximum value. The technology for AI and IA is the same, but the difference in the end-result can be traced to involvement of subject matter expert humans in the planning of the application and in the use of it (for the previous articles in the series, see the links at the bottom of this post).

Editor's note: The following is a guest article from Aaron Masih, chief operating officer of Persado. When we envision the future of human-technology interaction, it's often glazed with ideas of automation and artificial intelligence (AI). After all, haven't we all longed for the day that Michael Knight's K.I.T.T. could be parked in our garage, allowing us to read a book while we drive down the road? Most experts tend to agree that we're far from engineering true AI -- that is, systems that can independently process, reason and create in the same capacity as the human brain. But here's the question: Is replicating human intelligence the most impactful application, and therefore the key goal, of intelligence technology for businesses? This is where the concept of intelligence augmentation (IA) comes into play.

Artificial Intelligence is no longer a sci-fi vision of the future. We are living in a world where AI is disrupting industry and society at large in truly transformative ways. From chat bots reinventing customer service performace to machines such as IBM's Watson beating some of the most intelligent human beings to ever live, artificial intelligence is altering everything from the biggest technological innovations to the simplest of tasks we perform on a daily basis. And both scenarios are true; AI has both the ability to push the world towards a state of permanent utopia, or it may very well trigger the downfall of humanity. The question, is no longer whether or not AI is possibly driving us to one of these two futures, but whether or not we can adapt at this early stage in a way that benefits humanity.

Scott Hartley: In this world where we focus so much on what we're building, how we're building it, I think we need to take a step back and reconsider why we're building, and really humanize our technology, really bring together diverse teams of methodologies and people and mindsets so that we can take our technology and actually apply it to the most fundamental human problems. Today the conversation is largely about artificial intelligence, and one of the concepts that I like to discuss in the book The Fuzzie and the Techie is this concept of intelligence augmentation--so: thinking about using AI but using it in a way that's augmenting the ability of humans. So Paul English, who was the creator of Kayak.com, he is a techie through and through, but he also calls himself an AI realist; he's somebody who believes in the promise of artificial intelligence, but also realizes that this is not something that tomorrow or next year or maybe perhaps in the next decade is going to completely take away from the characteristics and the qualities of what a human can provide. And so he's now creating a company called Lola that's based in Boston, and Lola is sort of Kayak 2.0, where rather than trying to take the travel industry and put it online he's actually taking travel and putting it back into the hands of travel agents, real people that are working on the phones dealing with people that are calling in to book travel. And what he's doing is he's supplementing those travel agents with technology, with artificial intelligence, really "flipping the letters" and trying to use intelligence augmentation as an AI realist to sort of better the service that a travel agent can provide.

The field of artificial intelligence has enjoyed tremendous progress over the past few years. Thanks to a number of advances, both technological and algorithmic, a new wave of AI applications is forming, turning what once belonged exclusively to futuristic sci-fi or dystopian stories into commoditized, ubiquitous technology. Nevertheless, despite what you might have heard, AI is not quite ready to take over the world. While we are witnessing it achieve remarkable -- and oftentimes superhuman -- performance in tasks previously regarded as outside the bounds of computers, AI systems are still narrow in scope and remain, in essence, a prediction technology. Generally, machine intelligence is unable to adapt to similar but different tasks, barring substantial work and human intervention, and most crucially it lacks certain fundamental "general intelligence" traits such as deductive reasoning and the ability to learn how to learn.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is all the rage. It seems as if every big company is racing to figure out how to harness AI for their benefit. And for good reason: AI holds the promise to radically change how products are designed, manufactured, and sold. But there's another related technology that could be even more important over the next couple of decades: intelligence augmentation (IA). It's quite possible that IA makes more money for investors putting money in the market today than AI does -- at least over the next decade or so.