Goto

Collaborating Authors

 cardiff


How forensics identified forgotten teen left buried in a carpet for eight years

BBC News

Karen Price was just 15 when she vanished in 1981 and, had it not been for a chance discovery by two builders, her body might never have been found. Because no-one was looking for her. Dubbed Little Miss Nobody, Karen had not been seen for eight years when her skeletal remains, wrapped in a carpet, were uncovered by two unsuspecting builders in Cardiff city centre on 7 December 1989. Her body, found in a shallow grave outside a basement flat on Fitzhamon Embankment, was so badly decomposed it was impossible to establish the cause of her death. Now, more than 40 years on and after the release of her killer, a new documentary has examined how police put together the jigsaw to solve the killing of a teenager known to no-one and how it involved groundbreaking methods to bring two men to justice.


South Wales Police to use live facial recognition cameras across Cardiff during Six Nations - but critics warn it will turn the city into an 'Orwellian zone of biometric surveillance'

Daily Mail - Science & tech

South Wales Police have revealed plans to deploy live facial recognition cameras in Cardiff during this year's Six Nations rugby internationals. The cameras will be placed at'key points' across the city centre, and will alert officers to anyone who is on a predetermined watchlist. The force claims that the cameras will help to'keep visitors safe'. 'The expansion of facial recognition cameras around the city centre really enhances our ability to keep visitors safe from harm,' said Trudi Meyrick, Assistant Chief Constable. 'Our priority is to keep the public safe and this technology helps us achieve that.'


Linear Correlation in LM's Compositional Generalization and Hallucination

Peng, Letian, An, Chenyang, Hao, Shibo, Dong, Chengyu, Shang, Jingbo

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The generalization of language models (LMs) is undergoing active debates, contrasting their potential for general intelligence with their struggles with basic knowledge composition (e.g., reverse/transition curse). This paper uncovers the phenomenon of linear correlations in LMs during knowledge composition. For explanation, there exists a linear transformation between certain related knowledge that maps the next token prediction logits from one prompt to another, e.g., "X lives in the city of" $\rightarrow$ "X lives in the country of" for every given X. This mirrors the linearity in human knowledge composition, such as Paris $\rightarrow$ France. Our findings indicate that the linear transformation is resilient to large-scale fine-tuning, generalizing updated knowledge when aligned with real-world relationships, but causing hallucinations when it deviates. Empirical results suggest that linear correlation can serve as a potential identifier of LM's generalization. Finally, we show such linear correlations can be learned with a single feedforward network and pre-trained vocabulary representations, indicating LM generalization heavily relies on the latter.


An Empirical Game-Theoretic Analysis of Autonomous Cyber-Defence Agents

Palmer, Gregory, Swaby, Luke, Harrold, Daniel J. B., Stewart, Matthew, Hiles, Alex, Willis, Chris, Miles, Ian, Farmer, Sara

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The recent rise in increasingly sophisticated cyber-attacks raises the need for robust and resilient autonomous cyber-defence (ACD) agents. Given the variety of cyber-attack tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) employed, learning approaches that can return generalisable policies are desirable. Meanwhile, the assurance of ACD agents remains an open challenge. We address both challenges via an empirical game-theoretic analysis of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches for ACD using the principled double oracle (DO) algorithm. This algorithm relies on adversaries iteratively learning (approximate) best responses against each others' policies; a computationally expensive endeavour for autonomous cyber operations agents. In this work we introduce and evaluate a theoretically-sound, potential-based reward shaping approach to expedite this process. In addition, given the increasing number of open-source ACD-DRL approaches, we extend the DO formulation to allow for multiple response oracles (MRO), providing a framework for a holistic evaluation of ACD approaches.


Police to use facial recognition technology in Cardiff during Beyoncé concert

The Guardian

Police will use live facial recognition technology in Cardiff during the Beyoncé concert on Wednesday, despite concerns about racial bias and human rights. The technology will be used in Cardiff city centre, but not at the stadium, to "support" the artist's concert at the Principality stadium by identifying wanted individuals and ensuring safeguarding, South Wales police said, as the artist kicks off the UK leg of her first solo headline tour in seven years. A spokesperson for the force said the technology would be used in the city centre, not at the concert itself. In the past, police use of live facial recognition (LFR) in England and Wales had been limited to special operations such as football matches or the coronation, when there was a crackdown on protesters. Daragh Murray, a senior lecturer of law at Queen Mary University in London, said the normalisation of invasive surveillance capability at events such as a concert was concerning, and was taking place without any real public debate.


South Wales police lose landmark facial recognition case

The Guardian

The use of facial recognition technology by South Wales police broke race and sex equalities law and breached privacy rights because the force did not apply proper safeguards, the court of appeal has ruled. The critical judgment came in a case brought by Ed Bridges, a civil liberties campaigner, who was scanned by the police software in Cardiff in 2017 and 2018. He argued that capturing of thousands of faces was indiscriminate. Bridges' case had previously been rejected by the high court, but the court of appeal ruled in his favour on three counts, in a significant test case for how the controversial technology is applied in practice by police. But the appeal court held that Bridges' right to privacy, under article 8 of the European convention on human rights, was breached because there was "too broad a discretion" left to police officers as to who to put on its watchlist of suspects.


Machine Learning Engineer - Cardiff - Indeed.com

#artificialintelligence

Cutting-edge medical research is the talk of the town at the moment and this innovative discovery platform are growing their presents within the medical research field. AI and Machine Learning is at the full front of what they do and they're looking for an experienced (academic or commercial) Machine Learning Engineer to support their continued growth. You'll be working on architecting the AI powered GCP discovery platform, taking on big problems and doing lots of research! This vacancy will be closing application on 15th August 2020. If you have any questions or fancy a chat about the opportunity feel free to give George Bone a call or apply for the advert and George will be in contact.


5G in the UK: Two networks offer the fastest speed and best coverage

#artificialintelligence

To see exactly how the networks are performing, what speeds to expect and the extent of coverage, I toured the UK to test 5G in five major cities: London, Cardiff, Birmingham, Manchester and Edinburgh. The next-generation wireless technology promises a big boost in speed and responsiveness, bringing not just a faster connection to your phone, but also enabling advancements like telemedicine and self-driving cars. The UK deployment is among several happening worldwide from the US to South Korea, as 5G slowly turns from hype to reality. EE and Vodafone have the largest UK networks so far, while O2 and Three are ramping up. I visited the cities across the course of a week, seeking out a variety of locations in each place that showed as 5G-enabled zones on network coverage maps.


Artificial intelligence roles head up list of UK emerging jobs - Personnel Today

#artificialintelligence

Artificial intelligence and tech roles fill the top ranks of the UK's fastest emerging jobs according to new data revealed by LinkedIn. The top three ranked emerging jobs, according to the social media/career website were artificial intelligence specialist, data protection officer and robotics engineer. Other roles seeing rapid growth included site reliability engineer and data scientist. LinkedIn's research looked at each of the emerging roles to discover what types of organisations were recruiting them, what skillsets the role demanded and where the role tended to be geographically. For example, AI specialists were being hired mostly by IT and financial services firms, research entities and software development firms.


Inside the urgent battle to stop UK police using facial recognition

#artificialintelligence

The last day of January 2019 was sunny, yet bitterly cold in Romford, east London. Shoppers scurrying from retailer to retailer wrapped themselves in winter coats, scarves and hats. The temperature never rose above three degrees Celsius. For police officers positioned next to an inconspicuous blue van, just metres from Romford's Overground station, one man stood out among the thin winter crowds. The man, wearing a beige jacket and blue cap, had pulled his jacket over his face as he moved in the direction of the police officers.