One of the major lessons learnt from the ongoing Ukraine-Russia war is that multi-domain battle space is getting more influenced by technology. And these include usage of swarms of drones, missiles, unmanned ground vehicles and more. And all of these are being driven by Artificial Intelligence or computer algorithms – these are used in the war zones to not only process huge quantities of information, but have the ability to make decisions. "Artificial intelligence is definitely being leveraged for enhancing the current C4ISR capabilities. The National Task Force had identified the 12 AI domains and the Indian Army has since undertaken projects both in-house as well as with the industry, especially deep tech start-ups," the Indian Army Chief Gen Manoj Pande told Financial Express Online.

The last year was a busy one for Russia's military and civilian artificial intelligence efforts. Moscow poured money into research and development, and Russia's civil society debated the country's place in the larger AI ecosystem. But Vladimir Putin's invasion of Ukraine in February and the resulting sanctions have brought several of those efforts to a halt--and thrown into question just how many of its AI advancements Russia will be able to salvage and continue. Ever since Putin extolled the development of robotic combat systems in the new State Armaments Program in 2020, the Russian Ministry of Defense has been hyper-focused on AI. We have learned more about the Russian military's focus on AI in the past year thanks to several public revelations.

Among several new trends being pushed pumped out of the Defense Department's research offices under the guise of the Third Offset strategy -- an initiative that seeks to leverage manned-unmanned teaming to counteract adversarial capabilities -- is the concept of cognitive electronic warfare. Cognitive EW seeks to leverage artificial intelligence to adapt to rapidly changing electromagnetic surroundings in the field. The Air Force Research Lab has recently released a request for information in navigation warfare research assistance from the contracting community that includes electronic attack, electronic protection and electronic support techniques for cognitive EW applications, among other similar research areas to bolster operations in environments in which communications and navigation could be degraded or disrupted. Aircraft, upon deploying for a particular mission, have a library of profiles to counter an adversary's attempt to jam its radar. However, with the proliferation and increasing proficiency of certain adversaries in this space, such as Russia, there is a growing sense of inadequacy.