The UK is leading an international effort to test the most advanced AI models for safety risks before they hit the public, as regulators race to create a workable safety regime before the Paris summit in six months. Britain's AI Safety Institute, the first of its kind, is now matched by counterparts from around the world, including South Korea, the US, Singapore, Japan and France. Regulators at the Seoul AI Summit hope the bodies can collaborate to create the 21st-century version of the Montreal Protocol, the groundbreaking agreement to control CFCs and close the hole in the ozone layer. But before they do, the institutes need to agree on how they can work together to turn an international patchwork of approaches and regulations into a unified effort to corral AI research. "At Bletchley, we announced the UK's AI Safety Institute – the world's first government-backed organisation dedicated to advanced AI safety for the public good," said Michelle Donelan, the UK technology secretary, in Seoul on Wednesday.

Bletchley Park, a milestone in Alan Turing's journey to technological immortality, heard warnings this week that the coming wave of artificial intelligence systems could threaten humanity. But for one of the world's leading tech investors, holding back AI development will be just as damaging in terms of deaths in car crashes, pandemics and poorly targeted munitions that could have been prevented by the technology. "We believe any deceleration of AI will cost lives. Deaths that were preventable by the AI that was prevented from existing is a form of murder," wrote Marc Andreessen, an early investor in Facebook, Pinterest and Twitter, in a blogpost last month titled The Techno-Optimist Manifesto. When it comes to AI, Andreessen is not the only techno-optimist out there, despite the pessimistic view of the technology dominating the agenda in the run-up to last week's AI safety summit at Bletchley.

The UK's National Museum of Computing has expanded its exhibits celebrating the UK's wartime code-breakers and the machines used to crack German ciphers. On Saturday it will open a gallery dedicated to the Bombe, which helped speed up the cracking of messages scrambled with the Enigma machine. The Bombe was formerly on display at Bletchley Park next door to the museum. A crowd-funding campaign raised £60,000 in four weeks to move the machine and create its new home. The replica Bombe is a copy of the electro-mechanical machines used in World War II at Bletchley.

It is fitting that the greatest code-breaker of World War Two remains a riddle a hundred years after his birth. Alan Turing, the brilliant, maverick mathematician, widely considered to be the father of computer science and artificial intelligence, invented an electromagnetic machine called the'bombe' which formed the basis for deciphering Germany's Enigma codes. The man himself has rather eluded definition: painted (too easily) as a nutty professor with a squeaky voice; as a quirky, haphazard character with a sloppy appearance by his mother and schoolmasters; by colleagues as a gruff, socially awkward man; and by his friends as an open-hearted, generous and gentle soul. The crucial contribution Turing made at Bletchley Park, one that has been credited with shortening the war by two years and saving countless lives, did not become public knowledge until twenty years after his death. His mother, brother and friends did not know until long after they'd mourned him, the extent of his heroism.

He made contributions of crucial international significance in three distinct fields of endeavour. During the second world war, he developed code-breaking techniques which led to effective automatic deciphering of German high-level ciphers. In the 1950s, he worked with Anne on pioneering techniques which were fundamental in the development of in vitro fertilisation. Donald subsequently became one of the founders of the field of artificial intelligence, an area to which he devoted the remainder of his academic career. It was within this field that I came to know Donald as an inspirational supervisor of my PhD at Edinburgh - not only insightful, forceful and even heroic, but possessing a wicked sense of humour.

Five questions to prove you're a natural codebreaker Image caption Not all computer scientists look like this. But it's fine if you do The National College of Cybersecurity is opening in 2018 for "gifted and talented" problem solvers. The training centre will help build a "talent pool" for Britain's future cyber-defences. It's being developed at Bletchley Park, in Buckinghamshire, the site of secret code-deciphering which helped the Allies win World War Two. Code is the language in which computer programs, apps and websites are written. Anisah Osman Britton, 23, is the founder of 23 Code Street, a coding school for women.