Is it illegal to own an axolotl? A recent pet seizure at Chicago's O'Hare Airport illustrates ongoing confusion. Many pet axolotls are crossbred with other salamanders to create their unique coloration. Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent six days a week. The axolotl () is a confusing creature, and not simply because it looks like a real-life Pokémon .

We apply definition generators based on open-weights large language models to the task of creating explanations of novel senses, taking target word usages as an input. To this end, we employ the datasets from the AXOLOTL'24 shared task on explainable semantic change modeling, which features Finnish, Russian and German languages. We fine-tune and provide publicly the open-source models performing higher than the best submissions of the aforementioned shared task, which employed closed proprietary LLMs. In addition, we find that encoder-decoder definition generators perform on par with their decoder-only counterparts.

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on large corpora, yet it is unclear whether they can reason about the information present within their training data. We design experiments to study out-of-context abduction in LLMs, the ability to infer the most plausible explanations for observations using relevant facts present in training data. We train treatment LLMs on names and behavior descriptions of fictitious chatbots, but not on examples of dialogue with the chatbots. We find that OpenAI's GPT 4o LLM can correctly infer at least one chatbot's name after observing example responses characteristic of that chatbot. We also find that previously training GPT 4o on descriptions of a chatbot's behavior allows it to display behaviors more characteristic of the chatbot when iteratively trained to display such behaviors. Our results have implications for situational awareness in LLMs and, therefore, for AI safety.

This paper describes the organization and findings of AXOLOTL'24, the first multilingual explainable semantic change modeling shared task. We present new sense-annotated diachronic semantic change datasets for Finnish and Russian which were employed in the shared task, along with a surprise test-only German dataset borrowed from an existing source. The setup of AXOLOTL'24 is new to the semantic change modeling field, and involves subtasks of identifying unknown (novel) senses and providing dictionary-like definitions to these senses. The methods of the winning teams are described and compared, thus paving a path towards explainability in computational approaches to historical change of meaning.

Lately, more and more people have been getting axolotls as pets. Lately, more and more people have been getting axolotls as pets. The axolotl, with its permanent grin and youthful-looking body, has captured hearts thanks to TikTok and the popular video game Minecraft, which added the salamander to its universe in 2021. More and more people have been getting them as pets. "I would attribute about 90% of axolotls' popularity to Minecraft and TikTok, but mostly Minecraft," Jake Pak told NPR over email.

A global audience of a half-billion gamers have gotten to know the axolotl, which largely cluster in the canals around Mexico City and look like little dragons with a goofy smile. The videogame "Fortnite" trotted out axolotl characters in 2020, and "Minecraft" followed suit last summer. Roblox, a platform with millions of user-made games, has dozens of axolotl-centric ones, including "Axolotl Tycoon" and "Axolotl Paradise." Axolotls appear in "Adopt Me!," one of the most-played games on Roblox. All of the exposure has spawned axolotl memes, YouTube videos, coloring books and nonfungible tokens.

Variability in social app usage across regions results in a high skew of the quantity and the quality of check-in data collected, which in turn is a challenge for effective location recommender systems. In this paper, we present Axolotl (Automated cross Location-network Transfer Learning), a novel method aimed at transferring location preference models learned in a data-rich region to significantly boost the quality of recommendations in a data-scarce region. Axolotl predominantly deploys two channels for information transfer, (1) a meta-learning based procedure learned using location recommendation as well as social predictions, and (2) a lightweight unsupervised cluster-based transfer across users and locations with similar preferences. Both of these work together synergistically to achieve improved accuracy of recommendations in data-scarce regions without any prerequisite of overlapping users and with minimal fine-tuning. We build Axolotl on top of a twin graph-attention neural network model used for capturing the user- and location-conditioned influences in a user-mobility graph for each region. We conduct extensive experiments on 12 user mobility datasets across the U.S., Japan, and Germany, using 3 as source regions and 9 of them (that have much sparsely recorded mobility data) as target regions. Empirically, we show that Axolotl achieves up to 18% better recommendation performance than the existing state-of-the-art methods across all metrics.

Note: This post was co-authored by Greg Foster (Medium won't let us add co-authors), definitely check out his profile! TL;DR This post motivates and describes an attack where accelerometer/gyroscope readings and machine learning are used to develop a keylogger for mobile devices. While previous research has been conducted in this space, we hope that our narrative is useful for someone tackling an unintuitive machine learning problem (also the results and graphs are just really darn cool). In Fall 2016, we were tasked with creating a final project for CS263 (Harvard's Systems' Security Class): implementing some attack. Mostly to spite our hype-hating professor, we committed to integrating the greatest buzzword of all into our project -- machine learning.