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Casper: Inferring Diverse Intents for Assistive Teleoperation with Vision Language Models

Liu, Huihan, Shah, Rutav, Liu, Shuijing, Pittenger, Jack, Seo, Mingyo, Cui, Yuchen, Bisk, Yonatan, Martín-Martín, Roberto, Zhu, Yuke

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Deploying robots in human-centric settings like households requires balancing robot autonomy with humans' sense of agency [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Full teleoperation offers users fine-grained control but imposes a high cognitive load, whereas fully autonomous robots act independently but often misalign their actions with nuanced human needs. Assistive teleoperation -- a paradigm in which both the human and the robot share control [7, 8, 9, 10] -- has thus emerged as an ideal middle ground. By keeping the user in control of high-level decisions while delegating low-level actions to the autonomous robot, this approach both preserves user agency and enhances overall system performance. As such, assistive teleoperation is becoming a desirable paradigm for robots to serve as reliable partners in human-centric environments, such as assisting individuals with motor impairments [11, 12]. While promising, assistive teleoperation in everyday environments remains challenging. A longstanding challenge in assistive teleoperation is to infer human intents from user control inputs and assist users with correct actions [8]. This challenge is amplified in real-world settings, where robots must go beyond closed-set intent prediction [13, 14] to handle diverse, open-ended user goals across different contexts and scenes. As a result, a key capability the robot should possess is to interpret user control inputs within the visual context and infer intent through commonsense reasoning.


Bridging Logic and Learning: A Neural-Symbolic Approach for Enhanced Reasoning in Neural Models (ASPER)

Machot, Fadi Al

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Neural-symbolic learning, an intersection of neural networks and symbolic reasoning, aims to blend neural networks' learning capabilities with symbolic AI's interpretability and reasoning. This paper introduces an approach designed to improve the performance of neural models in learning reasoning tasks. It achieves this by integrating Answer Set Programming (ASP) solvers and domain-specific expertise, which is an approach that diverges from traditional complex neural-symbolic models. In this paper, a shallow artificial neural network (ANN) is specifically trained to solve Sudoku puzzles with minimal training data. The model has a unique loss function that integrates losses calculated using the ASP solver outputs, effectively enhancing its training efficiency. Most notably, the model shows a significant improvement in solving Sudoku puzzles using only 12 puzzles for training and testing without hyperparameter tuning. This advancement indicates that the model's enhanced reasoning capabilities have practical applications, extending well beyond Sudoku puzzles to potentially include a variety of other domains. The code can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/Fadi2200/ASPEN.


ASPER: Answer Set Programming Enhanced Neural Network Models for Joint Entity-Relation Extraction

Le, Trung Hoang, Cao, Huiping, Son, Tran Cao

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

A plethora of approaches have been proposed for joint entity-relation (ER) extraction. Most of these methods largely depend on a large amount of manually annotated training data. However, manual data annotation is time consuming, labor intensive, and error prone. Human beings learn using both data (through induction) and knowledge (through deduction). Answer Set Programming (ASP) has been a widely utilized approach for knowledge representation and reasoning that is elaboration tolerant and adept at reasoning with incomplete information. This paper proposes a new approach, ASP-enhanced Entity-Relation extraction (ASPER), to jointly recognize entities and relations by learning from both data and domain knowledge. In particular, ASPER takes advantage of the factual knowledge (represented as facts in ASP) and derived knowledge (represented as rules in ASP) in the learning process of neural network models. We have conducted experiments on two real datasets and compare our method with three baselines. The results show that our ASPER model consistently outperforms the baselines.


Zensciences, Fractal Analytics' new brand partner

#artificialintelligence

Zenscience, a Bengaluru based marketing firm has partnered with global AI and Analytics firm Fractal Analytics. The partnership is based on Fractal's desire of branding which could be deployed suitably through Zescience Earlier this year, Fractal had invited multiple agencies to pitch their ideas. Zenscience had been selected among the agencies and were asked to develop a brand for Fractal. Asper.ai is an automatic decision making platform that helps enterprises make better interconnected decisions. The purpose-built AI helps firms to take efficient and fast paced decisions and thus become adaptive and intelligent.