What was the technology used? An automated phone questionnaire – using an artificial intelligence voice analysis system – graded officials as low, medium or high risk. No official refused to undergo the process, which measures the cognitive functions through the caller's responses to questions such as "Have you ever cheated in a boxing event?" According to the sports integrity expert and AIBA advisor Richard McLaren, the technology "bore no resemblance whatsoever" to a lie detector test and is used in military, diplomatic and insurance sectors by analysing the "cognitive functions of the brain through voice responses". "The investigators and analysts utilise the voice analytical tool to help screen officials," McLaren was quoted by The Guardian.

Driving in dynamically changing traffic is a highly challenging task for autonomous vehicles, especially in crowded urban roadways. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) system of a driverless car must be able to arbitrate between different driving strategies in order to properly plan the car's path, based on an understandable traffic scene model. In this paper, an AI behavior arbitration algorithm for Autonomous Driving (AD) is proposed. The method, coined AIBA (AI Behavior Arbitration), has been developed in two stages: (i) human driving scene description and understanding and (ii) formal modelling. The description of the scene is achieved by mimicking a human cognition model, while the modelling part is based on a formal representation which approximates the human driver understanding process. The advantage of the formal representation is that the functional safety of the system can be analytically inferred. The performance of the algorithm has been evaluated in Virtual Test Drive (VTD), a comprehensive traffic simulator, and in GridSim, a vehicle kinematics engine for prototypes.