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Rethinking Robustness of Model Attributions

Kamath, Sandesh, Mittal, Sankalp, Deshpande, Amit, Balasubramanian, Vineeth N

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

For machine learning models to be reliable and trustworthy, their decisions must be interpretable. As these models find increasing use in safety-critical applications, it is important that not just the model predictions but also their explanations (as feature attributions) be robust to small human-imperceptible input perturbations. Recent works have shown that many attribution methods are fragile and have proposed improvements in either these methods or the model training. We observe two main causes for fragile attributions: first, the existing metrics of robustness (e.g., top-k intersection) over-penalize even reasonable local shifts in attribution, thereby making random perturbations to appear as a strong attack, and second, the attribution can be concentrated in a small region even when there are multiple important parts in an image. To rectify this, we propose simple ways to strengthen existing metrics and attribution methods that incorporate locality of pixels in robustness metrics and diversity of pixel locations in attributions. Towards the role of model training in attributional robustness, we empirically observe that adversarially trained models have more robust attributions on smaller datasets, however, this advantage disappears in larger datasets. Code is available at https://github.com/ksandeshk/LENS.


The Efforts to Make Text-Based AI Less Racist and Terrible

WIRED

In July 2020, OpenAI launched GPT-3, an artificial intelligence language model that quickly stoked excitement about computers writing poetry, news articles, and programming code. Just as quickly, it was shown to sometimes be foulmouthed and toxic. OpenAI said it was working on fixes, but the company recently discovered GPT-3 was being used to generate child porn. Now OpenAI researchers say they've found a way to curtail GPT-3's toxic text by feeding the program roughly 100 encyclopedia-like samples of writing by human professionals on topics like history and technology but also abuse, violence, and injustice. OpenAI's project shows how the tech industry is scrambling to constrain the dark side of a technology that's shown enormous potential but also can spread disinformation and perpetuate biases.


What it takes to get a job building robotic Mars explorers for NASA

Engadget

After a thankfully uneventful seven-month journey, NASA's Mars 2020 mission is set to safely reach the Red Planet and insert itself into orbit on Thursday ahead of deploying the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter prototype that it's been toting down to the planet's surface in search for evidence of ancient microbial life. However, this expedition has been in the works for far longer than Perseverance has been travelling through interplanetary space. First announced in 2012, the mission marks the culmination of nearly a decade's work by hundreds of machinists, designers, rocket scientists and engineers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab. But not just anyone can get hired there, working for the world's premiere spacecraft production facility and building equipment that will grace the surfaces of neighboring planets. For Mohamed Abid, a Deputy Chief Mechanical Engineer on the Mars 2020 mission, the path to working at the JPL began in Tunisia, where he grew up.


Wipro Ltd's (WIT) CEO Abidali Neemuchwala on Q4 2016 Results - Earnings Call Transcript

#artificialintelligence

As a reminder, all participants' lines will be in the listen-only mode. There will be an opportunity for you to ask questions after the presentation concludes. I would now like to hand the conference over to Mr. Aravind Viswanathan. Thank you and over to you, sir. We will begin the call with business highlights and overview by Abid, the Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Board, followed by the financial overview by our CFO, Jatin Dalal. Afterwards, the operator will open the bridge for Q&A with our management team. Before Abid starts, let me draw your attention to the fact that during this call, we may make certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Private Securities Litigation Reform Act 1995. These statements are based on management's current expectations and are associated with uncertainties and risks, which may cause the actual results to differ materially from those expected. The uncertainties and risk factors are being explained in our detailed filings with the SEC. Wipro does not undertake any obligation to update the forward-looking statements to reflect events and circumstances after the date of filing thereof. The conference call will be archived and the transcript will be available on our website. Ladies and gentlemen, let me now hand it over to Mr. Abid. Today is the first opportunity for me to interact with all of you since I've taken over as the Chief Executive Officer of Wipro, and it's a special moment for me. While I will speak about the performance of our full quarter and the full fiscal year, I thought I will take this opportunity to begin by speaking about our ambition, our strategy and how we are going to execute this strategy. Since I got announced within two days, I was able to define and announce my structure and I had already preselected my leadership team which I announced on 6th of January, effective February 1. Over the past 80 days after I have taken over as CEO, I've had the opportunity to go around the globe and meet about 70 of our top 100 clients. And both with my leadership team and with the customers, I've had the opportunity to validate the strategy that we have been working on and this gives me a high level of confidence on the relevance of our overall strategy. Our ambition is to double our revenues to 15 billion by fiscal 2020 with a 23% operating margin.