It appears, however, that we [in AI] are now (finally!) on the verge of practicality in a number of specialities within machine intelligence more or less simultaneously. This can be expected to result in the short term in a qualitative shift in the nature of the field itself, and to result in the longer term in a shift in the way certain industries go about their businessThis paper will discuss three specific areas of work in machine intelligence that MIC [Machine Intelligence Corporation] feels are ripe for commercial application: machine vision, naturallanguage access to computers, and expert systems. It will close with some observations on what makes these areas appropriate for application at this time, and on the difference between a technical solution to a problem and a product.In Hayes, J. E., Michie, D., and Pao, Y.-H. (Eds.), Machine Intelligence 10. Ellis Horwood.

The approach gives key emphasis to a succession of explicit descriptions at varying The MIT AI Laboratory has a long tradition of research in levels of visual processing, including the zero-crossing map, most aspects of Artificial Intelligence. Currently, the major foci the primal and 2'/2D sketches, and the so-called Spasar include computer vision, manipulation, learning, Englishlanguage 3D representation. Recent work has centered on directional understanding, VLSI design, expert engineering selectivity, evidence for a fifth, smaller channel for early problem solving, commonsense reasoning, computer processing, the Marr-Hildreth theory of edge detection, a architecture, distributed problem solving, models of human model of the retina, a computational theory of stereopsis and memory, programmer apprentices, and human education. Recently, Dr. Mike Brady has joined the Professor Berthold K. P. Horn and his students have studied Laboratory and has initiated a study of the psychology of intensively the image irradiance equation and its applications. The reflectance and albedo map representations have been introduced to make surface orientation, illumination geometry, and surface reflectivity explicit.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 200, 269-294

"Computing can change our ways of thinking about many things, mathematics, biology, engineering, administrative procedures, and many more. But my main concern is that it can change our thinking about ourselves: giving us new models, metaphors, and other thinking tools to aid our efforts to fathom the mysteries of the human mind and heart. The new discipline of Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computing most directly concerned with this revolution. By giving us new, deeper, insights into some of our inner processes, it changes our thinking about ourselves. It therefore changes some of our inner processes, and so changes what we are, like all social, technological and intellectual revolutions." This book, published in 1978 by Harvester Press and Humanities Press, has been out of print for many years, and is now online, produced from a scanned in copy of the original, digitised by OCR software and made available in September 2001. Since then a number of notes and corrections have been added. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.

IJCPR 4, 620-628

In A. Hanson and E. Riseman (Eds.), Computer vision systems. New York: Academic Press, 335-352.

Hierarchies are observed in the levels of description used in image understanding along a few dimensions: processing unit, detail, composition and scene/view distinction. Emphasis is placed on the importance of explicitly handling the hierarchies both in representing knowledge and in using it. A scheme of "knowledge block" representation which is structured along the processing-unit hierarchy is also presented. I. INTRODUCTION Image Understanding System(IUS) constructs a description of the scene being viewed from an array of image sensory data: intensity, color, and sometimes range data. Image understanding is best characterized by description, whereas pattern recognition by classification, and image processing by image output.

New York: McGraw-Hill

IJCAI 1973: 629-640. Also IEEE Trans. Computers 25(4): 439-449 (1976).

IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics SMC-3:610-621