University of Würzburg
How Do Crowdworker Communities and Microtask Markets Influence Each Other? A Data-Driven Study on Amazon Mechanical Turk
Yang, Jie (University of Fribourg) | Valk, Carlo van der (Delft University of Technology) | Hoßfeld, Tobias (University of Würzburg) | Redi, Judith (Delft University of Technology, Exact B.V.) | Bozzon, Alessandro (Delft University of Technology)
Crowdworker online communities — operating in fora like mTurkForum and TurkerNation — are an important actor in microwork markets. Albeit central to market dynamics, how the behavior of crowdworker communities and the dynamics of online marketplaces influence each other is yet to be understood. To provide quantitative evidence of such influence, we performed an analysis on 6-years worth of mTurk market activities and community discussions in six fora. We investigated the nature of the relationships that exist between activities in fora, tasks published in mTurk, requesters for such tasks, and task completion speed. We validate -- and expand upon — results from previous work by showing that (i) there are differences between market demand and community activities that are specific to fora and task types; (ii) the temporal progression of HIT availability in the market is predictive of the upcoming amount of crowdworker discussions, with significant differences across fora and discussion categories; (iii) activities in fora can have a significant positive impact on the completion speed of tasks available in the market.
Verification of Distributed Knowledge in Semantic Knowledge Wikis
Baumeister, Joachim (University of Würzburg) | Nalepa, Grzegorz J. (AGH - University of Science and Technology)
Recently, the development of distributed knowledge systems has become more attractive due to the existence of new social semantic applications such as semantic knowledge wikis. User-friendly tools like wikis allow for a simple acquisition of formal knowledge, but also pose new challenges in knowledge engineering. In this paper, we reconsider classic criteria for verification in the light of a distributed knowledge base and we discuss novel anomalies that possibly occur during the collaborative development of a distributed knowledge base.
Advanced Measures for Empirical Testing
Baumeister, Joachim (University of Würzburg)
Empirical testing is a very popular evaluation method for the development of intelligent systems. Here, previously solved problems with correct solutions are given as cases to the system. Validity is tested by comparing the expected results with the derived solutions. Besides classic forms of boolean testing of occurring solutions more refined methods are required for a thorough evaluation of real world knowledge systems. We present extended precision and recall functions for interactive knowledge systems that are generalizations of the existing measures. Additionally, we propose a visualization method for inspecting the validation result for interactive systems. A case study with a second-opinion system from the medical domain demonstrates the usefulness of the approach.