We propose a new method to extract discriminant and explainable features from a particular machine learning model, i.e., a combination of the scattering transform and the multiclass logistic regression. Although this model is well-known for its ability to learn various signal classes with high classification rate, it remains elusive to understand why it can generate such successful classification, mainly due to the nonlinearity of the scattering transform. In order to uncover the meaning of the scattering transform coefficients selected by the multiclass logistic regression (with the Lasso penalty), we adopt zeroth-order optimization algorithms to search an input pattern that maximizes the class probability of a class of interest given the learned model. In order to do so, it turns out that imposing sparsity and smoothness of input patterns is important. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method using a couple of synthetic time-series classification problems.

Modern, state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in computer vision have millions of parameters. Thus, explaining the complex decisions of such networks to humans is challenging. A technical approach to reduce CNN complexity is network pruning, where less important parameters are deleted. The work presented in this paper investigates whether this technical complexity reduction also helps with perceived explainability. To do so, we conducted a pre-study and two human-grounded experiments, assessing the effects of different pruning ratios on CNN explainability. Overall, we evaluated four different compression rates (i.e., CPR 2, 4, 8, and 32) with 37 500 tasks on Mechanical Turk. Results indicate that lower compression rates have a positive influence on explainability, while higher compression rates show negative effects. Furthermore, we were able to identify sweet spots that increase both the perceived explainability and the model's performance.

This paper takes aim at achieving nothing less than the impossible. To be more precise, we seek to predict labels of unknown data from entirely uncorrelated labelled training data. This will be accomplished by an application of an algorithm based on deep learning, as well as, by invoking one of the most fundamental concepts of set theory. Estimating the behaviour of a system in unknown situations is one of the central problems of humanity. Indeed, we are constantly trying to produce predictions for future events to be able to prepare ourselves.