Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by progressive or alternate impairment of neurological functions (motor, sensory, visual, and cognitive). Predicting disease progression with a probabilistic and time-dependent approach might help in suggesting interventions that can delay the progression of the disease. However, extracting informative knowledge from irregularly collected longitudinal data is difficult, and missing data pose significant challenges. MS progression is measured through the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), which quantifies and monitors disability in MS over time. EDSS assesses impairment in eight functional systems (FS). Frequently, only the EDSS score assigned by clinicians is reported, while FS sub-scores are missing. Imputing these scores might be useful, especially to stratify patients according to their phenotype assessed over the disease progression. This study aimed at i) exploring different methodologies for imputing missing FS sub-scores, and ii) predicting the EDSS score using complete clinical data. Results show that Exponential Weighted Moving Average achieved the lowest error rate in the missing data imputation task; furthermore, the combination of Classification and Regression Trees for the imputation and SVM for the prediction task obtained the best accuracy.

The percentage of the world’s population living in urban areas is projected to increase significantly in the next decades. This makes the urban environment the perfect bench for research aiming to manage and respond to dramatic demographic and epidemiological transitions. In this context the PULSE project has partnered with five global cities to transform public health from a reactive to a predictive system focused on both risk and resilience. PULSE aims at producing an integrated data ecosystem based on continuous large-scale collection of information available within the smart city environment. The integration of environmental data, citizen science and location-specific predictive modeling of disease onset allows for richer analytics that promote informed, data-driven health policy decisions. In this paper we describe the PULSE ecosystem, with a special focus on its WebGIS component and its prototype version based on New York city data.