Põder, Siim
Gemma 3 Technical Report
Gemma Team, null, Kamath, Aishwarya, Ferret, Johan, Pathak, Shreya, Vieillard, Nino, Merhej, Ramona, Perrin, Sarah, Matejovicova, Tatiana, Ramé, Alexandre, Rivière, Morgane, Rouillard, Louis, Mesnard, Thomas, Cideron, Geoffrey, Grill, Jean-bastien, Ramos, Sabela, Yvinec, Edouard, Casbon, Michelle, Pot, Etienne, Penchev, Ivo, Liu, Gaël, Visin, Francesco, Kenealy, Kathleen, Beyer, Lucas, Zhai, Xiaohai, Tsitsulin, Anton, Busa-Fekete, Robert, Feng, Alex, Sachdeva, Noveen, Coleman, Benjamin, Gao, Yi, Mustafa, Basil, Barr, Iain, Parisotto, Emilio, Tian, David, Eyal, Matan, Cherry, Colin, Peter, Jan-Thorsten, Sinopalnikov, Danila, Bhupatiraju, Surya, Agarwal, Rishabh, Kazemi, Mehran, Malkin, Dan, Kumar, Ravin, Vilar, David, Brusilovsky, Idan, Luo, Jiaming, Steiner, Andreas, Friesen, Abe, Sharma, Abhanshu, Sharma, Abheesht, Gilady, Adi Mayrav, Goedeckemeyer, Adrian, Saade, Alaa, Feng, Alex, Kolesnikov, Alexander, Bendebury, Alexei, Abdagic, Alvin, Vadi, Amit, György, András, Pinto, André Susano, Das, Anil, Bapna, Ankur, Miech, Antoine, Yang, Antoine, Paterson, Antonia, Shenoy, Ashish, Chakrabarti, Ayan, Piot, Bilal, Wu, Bo, Shahriari, Bobak, Petrini, Bryce, Chen, Charlie, Lan, Charline Le, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Carey, CJ, Brick, Cormac, Deutsch, Daniel, Eisenbud, Danielle, Cattle, Dee, Cheng, Derek, Paparas, Dimitris, Sreepathihalli, Divyashree Shivakumar, Reid, Doug, Tran, Dustin, Zelle, Dustin, Noland, Eric, Huizenga, Erwin, Kharitonov, Eugene, Liu, Frederick, Amirkhanyan, Gagik, Cameron, Glenn, Hashemi, Hadi, Klimczak-Plucińska, Hanna, Singh, Harman, Mehta, Harsh, Lehri, Harshal Tushar, Hazimeh, Hussein, Ballantyne, Ian, Szpektor, Idan, Nardini, Ivan, Pouget-Abadie, Jean, Chan, Jetha, Stanton, Joe, Wieting, John, Lai, Jonathan, Orbay, Jordi, Fernandez, Joseph, Newlan, Josh, Ji, Ju-yeong, Singh, Jyotinder, Black, Kat, Yu, Kathy, Hui, Kevin, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Greff, Klaus, Qiu, Linhai, Valentine, Marcella, Coelho, Marina, Ritter, Marvin, Hoffman, Matt, Watson, Matthew, Chaturvedi, Mayank, Moynihan, Michael, Ma, Min, Babar, Nabila, Noy, Natasha, Byrd, Nathan, Roy, Nick, Momchev, Nikola, Chauhan, Nilay, Sachdeva, Noveen, Bunyan, Oskar, Botarda, Pankil, Caron, Paul, Rubenstein, Paul Kishan, Culliton, Phil, Schmid, Philipp, Sessa, Pier Giuseppe, Xu, Pingmei, Stanczyk, Piotr, Tafti, Pouya, Shivanna, Rakesh, Wu, Renjie, Pan, Renke, Rokni, Reza, Willoughby, Rob, Vallu, Rohith, Mullins, Ryan, Jerome, Sammy, Smoot, Sara, Girgin, Sertan, Iqbal, Shariq, Reddy, Shashir, Sheth, Shruti, Põder, Siim, Bhatnagar, Sijal, Panyam, Sindhu Raghuram, Eiger, Sivan, Zhang, Susan, Liu, Tianqi, Yacovone, Trevor, Liechty, Tyler, Kalra, Uday, Evci, Utku, Misra, Vedant, Roseberry, Vincent, Feinberg, Vlad, Kolesnikov, Vlad, Han, Woohyun, Kwon, Woosuk, Chen, Xi, Chow, Yinlam, Zhu, Yuvein, Wei, Zichuan, Egyed, Zoltan, Cotruta, Victor, Giang, Minh, Kirk, Phoebe, Rao, Anand, Black, Kat, Babar, Nabila, Lo, Jessica, Moreira, Erica, Martins, Luiz Gustavo, Sanseviero, Omar, Gonzalez, Lucas, Gleicher, Zach, Warkentin, Tris, Mirrokni, Vahab, Senter, Evan, Collins, Eli, Barral, Joelle, Ghahramani, Zoubin, Hadsell, Raia, Matias, Yossi, Sculley, D., Petrov, Slav, Fiedel, Noah, Shazeer, Noam, Vinyals, Oriol, Dean, Jeff, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Farabet, Clement, Buchatskaya, Elena, Alayrac, Jean-Baptiste, Anil, Rohan, Dmitry, null, Lepikhin, null, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Bachem, Olivier, Joulin, Armand, Andreev, Alek, Hardin, Cassidy, Dadashi, Robert, Hussenot, Léonard
We introduce Gemma 3, a multimodal addition to the Gemma family of lightweight open models, ranging in scale from 1 to 27 billion parameters. This version introduces vision understanding abilities, a wider coverage of languages and longer context - at least 128K tokens. We also change the architecture of the model to reduce the KV-cache memory that tends to explode with long context. This is achieved by increasing the ratio of local to global attention layers, and keeping the span on local attention short. The Gemma 3 models are trained with distillation and achieve superior performance to Gemma 2 for both pre-trained and instruction finetuned versions. In particular, our novel post-training recipe significantly improves the math, chat, instruction-following and multilingual abilities, making Gemma3-4B-IT competitive with Gemma2-27B-IT and Gemma3-27B-IT comparable to Gemini-1.5-Pro across benchmarks. We release all our models to the community.
Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models
Gemini Team, null, Anil, Rohan, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Wu, Yonghui, Alayrac, Jean-Baptiste, Yu, Jiahui, Soricut, Radu, Schalkwyk, Johan, Dai, Andrew M., Hauth, Anja, Millican, Katie, Silver, David, Petrov, Slav, Johnson, Melvin, Antonoglou, Ioannis, Schrittwieser, Julian, Glaese, Amelia, Chen, Jilin, Pitler, Emily, Lillicrap, Timothy, Lazaridou, Angeliki, Firat, Orhan, Molloy, James, Isard, Michael, Barham, Paul R., Hennigan, Tom, Lee, Benjamin, Viola, Fabio, Reynolds, Malcolm, Xu, Yuanzhong, Doherty, Ryan, Collins, Eli, Meyer, Clemens, Rutherford, Eliza, Moreira, Erica, Ayoub, Kareem, Goel, Megha, Tucker, George, Piqueras, Enrique, Krikun, Maxim, Barr, Iain, Savinov, Nikolay, Danihelka, Ivo, Roelofs, Becca, White, Anaïs, Andreassen, Anders, von Glehn, Tamara, Yagati, Lakshman, Kazemi, Mehran, Gonzalez, Lucas, Khalman, Misha, Sygnowski, Jakub, Frechette, Alexandre, Smith, Charlotte, Culp, Laura, Proleev, Lev, Luan, Yi, Chen, Xi, Lottes, James, Schucher, Nathan, Lebron, Federico, Rrustemi, Alban, Clay, Natalie, Crone, Phil, Kocisky, Tomas, Zhao, Jeffrey, Perz, Bartek, Yu, Dian, Howard, Heidi, Bloniarz, Adam, Rae, Jack W., Lu, Han, Sifre, Laurent, Maggioni, Marcello, Alcober, Fred, Garrette, Dan, Barnes, Megan, Thakoor, Shantanu, Austin, Jacob, Barth-Maron, Gabriel, Wong, William, Joshi, Rishabh, Chaabouni, Rahma, Fatiha, Deeni, Ahuja, Arun, Liu, Ruibo, Li, Yunxuan, Cogan, Sarah, Chen, Jeremy, Jia, Chao, Gu, Chenjie, Zhang, Qiao, Grimstad, Jordan, Hartman, Ale Jakse, Chadwick, Martin, Tomar, Gaurav Singh, Garcia, Xavier, Senter, Evan, Taropa, Emanuel, Pillai, Thanumalayan Sankaranarayana, Devlin, Jacob, Laskin, Michael, Casas, Diego de Las, Valter, Dasha, Tao, Connie, Blanco, Lorenzo, Badia, Adrià Puigdomènech, Reitter, David, Chen, Mianna, Brennan, Jenny, Rivera, Clara, Brin, Sergey, Iqbal, Shariq, Surita, Gabriela, Labanowski, Jane, Rao, Abhi, Winkler, Stephanie, Parisotto, Emilio, Gu, Yiming, Olszewska, Kate, Zhang, Yujing, Addanki, Ravi, Miech, Antoine, Louis, Annie, Shafey, Laurent El, Teplyashin, Denis, Brown, Geoff, Catt, Elliot, Attaluri, Nithya, Balaguer, Jan, Xiang, Jackie, Wang, Pidong, Ashwood, Zoe, Briukhov, Anton, Webson, Albert, Ganapathy, Sanjay, Sanghavi, Smit, Kannan, Ajay, Chang, Ming-Wei, Stjerngren, Axel, Djolonga, Josip, Sun, Yuting, Bapna, Ankur, Aitchison, Matthew, Pejman, Pedram, Michalewski, Henryk, Yu, Tianhe, Wang, Cindy, Love, Juliette, Ahn, Junwhan, Bloxwich, Dawn, Han, Kehang, Humphreys, Peter, Sellam, Thibault, Bradbury, James, Godbole, Varun, Samangooei, Sina, Damoc, Bogdan, Kaskasoli, Alex, Arnold, Sébastien M. R., Vasudevan, Vijay, Agrawal, Shubham, Riesa, Jason, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Tanburn, Richard, Srinivasan, Srivatsan, Lim, Hyeontaek, Hodkinson, Sarah, Shyam, Pranav, Ferret, Johan, Hand, Steven, Garg, Ankush, Paine, Tom Le, Li, Jian, Li, Yujia, Giang, Minh, Neitz, Alexander, Abbas, Zaheer, York, Sarah, Reid, Machel, Cole, Elizabeth, Chowdhery, Aakanksha, Das, Dipanjan, Rogozińska, Dominika, Nikolaev, Vitaly, Sprechmann, Pablo, Nado, Zachary, Zilka, Lukas, Prost, Flavien, He, Luheng, Monteiro, Marianne, Mishra, Gaurav, Welty, Chris, Newlan, Josh, Jia, Dawei, Allamanis, Miltiadis, Hu, Clara Huiyi, de Liedekerke, Raoul, Gilmer, Justin, Saroufim, Carl, Rijhwani, Shruti, Hou, Shaobo, Shrivastava, Disha, Baddepudi, Anirudh, Goldin, Alex, Ozturel, Adnan, Cassirer, Albin, Xu, Yunhan, Sohn, Daniel, Sachan, Devendra, Amplayo, Reinald Kim, Swanson, Craig, Petrova, Dessie, Narayan, Shashi, Guez, Arthur, Brahma, Siddhartha, Landon, Jessica, Patel, Miteyan, Zhao, Ruizhe, Villela, Kevin, Wang, Luyu, Jia, Wenhao, Rahtz, Matthew, Giménez, Mai, Yeung, Legg, Lin, Hanzhao, Keeling, James, Georgiev, Petko, Mincu, Diana, Wu, Boxi, Haykal, Salem, Saputro, Rachel, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Qin, James, Cankara, Zeynep, Sharma, Abhanshu, Fernando, Nick, Hawkins, Will, Neyshabur, Behnam, Kim, Solomon, Hutter, Adrian, Agrawal, Priyanka, Castro-Ros, Alex, Driessche, George van den, Wang, Tao, Yang, Fan, Chang, Shuo-yiin, Komarek, Paul, McIlroy, Ross, Lučić, Mario, Zhang, Guodong, Farhan, Wael, Sharman, Michael, Natsev, Paul, Michel, Paul, Cheng, Yong, Bansal, Yamini, Qiao, Siyuan, Cao, Kris, Shakeri, Siamak, Butterfield, Christina, Chung, Justin, Rubenstein, Paul Kishan, Agrawal, Shivani, Mensch, Arthur, Soparkar, Kedar, Lenc, Karel, Chung, Timothy, Pope, Aedan, Maggiore, Loren, Kay, Jackie, Jhakra, Priya, Wang, Shibo, Maynez, Joshua, Phuong, Mary, Tobin, Taylor, Tacchetti, Andrea, Trebacz, Maja, Robinson, Kevin, Katariya, Yash, Riedel, Sebastian, Bailey, Paige, Xiao, Kefan, Ghelani, Nimesh, Aroyo, Lora, Slone, Ambrose, Houlsby, Neil, Xiong, Xuehan, Yang, Zhen, Gribovskaya, Elena, Adler, Jonas, Wirth, Mateo, Lee, Lisa, Li, Music, Kagohara, Thais, Pavagadhi, Jay, Bridgers, Sophie, Bortsova, Anna, Ghemawat, Sanjay, Ahmed, Zafarali, Liu, Tianqi, Powell, Richard, Bolina, Vijay, Iinuma, Mariko, Zablotskaia, Polina, Besley, James, Chung, Da-Woon, Dozat, Timothy, Comanescu, Ramona, Si, Xiance, Greer, Jeremy, Su, Guolong, Polacek, Martin, Kaufman, Raphaël Lopez, Tokumine, Simon, Hu, Hexiang, Buchatskaya, Elena, Miao, Yingjie, Elhawaty, Mohamed, Siddhant, Aditya, Tomasev, Nenad, Xing, Jinwei, Greer, Christina, Miller, Helen, Ashraf, Shereen, Roy, Aurko, Zhang, Zizhao, Ma, Ada, Filos, Angelos, Besta, Milos, Blevins, Rory, Klimenko, Ted, Yeh, Chih-Kuan, Changpinyo, Soravit, Mu, Jiaqi, Chang, Oscar, Pajarskas, Mantas, Muir, Carrie, Cohen, Vered, Lan, Charline Le, Haridasan, Krishna, Marathe, Amit, Hansen, Steven, Douglas, Sholto, Samuel, Rajkumar, Wang, Mingqiu, Austin, Sophia, Lan, Chang, Jiang, Jiepu, Chiu, Justin, Lorenzo, Jaime Alonso, Sjösund, Lars Lowe, Cevey, Sébastien, Gleicher, Zach, Avrahami, Thi, Boral, Anudhyan, Srinivasan, Hansa, Selo, Vittorio, May, Rhys, Aisopos, Konstantinos, Hussenot, Léonard, Soares, Livio Baldini, Baumli, Kate, Chang, Michael B., Recasens, Adrià, Caine, Ben, Pritzel, Alexander, Pavetic, Filip, Pardo, Fabio, Gergely, Anita, Frye, Justin, Ramasesh, Vinay, Horgan, Dan, Badola, Kartikeya, Kassner, Nora, Roy, Subhrajit, Dyer, Ethan, Campos, Víctor, Tomala, Alex, Tang, Yunhao, Badawy, Dalia El, White, Elspeth, Mustafa, Basil, Lang, Oran, Jindal, Abhishek, Vikram, Sharad, Gong, Zhitao, Caelles, Sergi, Hemsley, Ross, Thornton, Gregory, Feng, Fangxiaoyu, Stokowiec, Wojciech, Zheng, Ce, Thacker, Phoebe, Ünlü, Çağlar, Zhang, Zhishuai, Saleh, Mohammad, Svensson, James, Bileschi, Max, Patil, Piyush, Anand, Ankesh, Ring, Roman, Tsihlas, Katerina, Vezer, Arpi, Selvi, Marco, Shevlane, Toby, Rodriguez, Mikel, Kwiatkowski, Tom, Daruki, Samira, Rong, Keran, Dafoe, Allan, FitzGerald, Nicholas, Gu-Lemberg, Keren, Khan, Mina, Hendricks, Lisa Anne, Pellat, Marie, Feinberg, Vladimir, Cobon-Kerr, James, Sainath, Tara, Rauh, Maribeth, Hashemi, Sayed Hadi, Ives, Richard, Hasson, Yana, Li, YaGuang, Noland, Eric, Cao, Yuan, Byrd, Nathan, Hou, Le, Wang, Qingze, Sottiaux, Thibault, Paganini, Michela, Lespiau, Jean-Baptiste, Moufarek, Alexandre, Hassan, Samer, Shivakumar, Kaushik, van Amersfoort, Joost, Mandhane, Amol, Joshi, Pratik, Goyal, Anirudh, Tung, Matthew, Brock, Andrew, Sheahan, Hannah, Misra, Vedant, Li, Cheng, Rakićević, Nemanja, Dehghani, Mostafa, Liu, Fangyu, Mittal, Sid, Oh, Junhyuk, Noury, Seb, Sezener, Eren, Huot, Fantine, Lamm, Matthew, De Cao, Nicola, Chen, Charlie, Elsayed, Gamaleldin, Chi, Ed, Mahdieh, Mahdis, Tenney, Ian, Hua, Nan, Petrychenko, Ivan, Kane, Patrick, Scandinaro, Dylan, Jain, Rishub, Uesato, Jonathan, Datta, Romina, Sadovsky, Adam, Bunyan, Oskar, Rabiej, Dominik, Wu, Shimu, Zhang, John, Vasudevan, Gautam, Leurent, Edouard, Alnahlawi, Mahmoud, Georgescu, Ionut, Wei, Nan, Zheng, Ivy, Chan, Betty, Rabinovitch, Pam G, Stanczyk, Piotr, Zhang, Ye, Steiner, David, Naskar, Subhajit, Azzam, Michael, Johnson, Matthew, Paszke, Adam, Chiu, Chung-Cheng, Elias, Jaume Sanchez, Mohiuddin, Afroz, Muhammad, Faizan, Miao, Jin, Lee, Andrew, Vieillard, Nino, Potluri, Sahitya, Park, Jane, Davoodi, Elnaz, Zhang, Jiageng, Stanway, Jeff, Garmon, Drew, Karmarkar, Abhijit, Dong, Zhe, Lee, Jong, Kumar, Aviral, Zhou, Luowei, Evens, Jonathan, Isaac, William, Chen, Zhe, Jia, Johnson, Levskaya, Anselm, Zhu, Zhenkai, Gorgolewski, Chris, Grabowski, Peter, Mao, Yu, Magni, Alberto, Yao, Kaisheng, Snaider, Javier, Casagrande, Norman, Suganthan, Paul, Palmer, Evan, Irving, Geoffrey, Loper, Edward, Faruqui, Manaal, Arkatkar, Isha, Chen, Nanxin, Shafran, Izhak, Fink, Michael, Castaño, Alfonso, Giannoumis, Irene, Kim, Wooyeol, Rybiński, Mikołaj, Sreevatsa, Ashwin, Prendki, Jennifer, Soergel, David, Goedeckemeyer, Adrian, Gierke, Willi, Jafari, Mohsen, Gaba, Meenu, Wiesner, Jeremy, Wright, Diana Gage, Wei, Yawen, Vashisht, Harsha, Kulizhskaya, Yana, Hoover, Jay, Le, Maigo, Li, Lu, Iwuanyanwu, Chimezie, Liu, Lu, Ramirez, Kevin, Khorlin, Andrey, Cui, Albert, LIN, Tian, Georgiev, Marin, Wu, Marcus, Aguilar, Ricardo, Pallo, Keith, Chakladar, Abhishek, Repina, Alena, Wu, Xihui, van der Weide, Tom, Ponnapalli, Priya, Kaplan, Caroline, Simsa, Jiri, Li, Shuangfeng, Dousse, Olivier, Yang, Fan, Piper, Jeff, Ie, Nathan, Lui, Minnie, Pasumarthi, Rama, Lintz, Nathan, Vijayakumar, Anitha, Thiet, Lam Nguyen, Andor, Daniel, Valenzuela, Pedro, Paduraru, Cosmin, Peng, Daiyi, Lee, Katherine, Zhang, Shuyuan, Greene, Somer, Nguyen, Duc Dung, Kurylowicz, Paula, Velury, Sarmishta, Krause, Sebastian, Hardin, Cassidy, Dixon, Lucas, Janzer, Lili, Choo, Kiam, Feng, Ziqiang, Zhang, Biao, Singhal, Achintya, Latkar, Tejasi, Zhang, Mingyang, Le, Quoc, Abellan, Elena Allica, Du, Dayou, McKinnon, Dan, Antropova, Natasha, Bolukbasi, Tolga, Keller, Orgad, Reid, David, Finchelstein, Daniel, Raad, Maria Abi, Crocker, Remi, Hawkins, Peter, Dadashi, Robert, Gaffney, Colin, Lall, Sid, Franko, Ken, Filonov, Egor, Bulanova, Anna, Leblond, Rémi, Yadav, Vikas, Chung, Shirley, Askham, Harry, Cobo, Luis C., Xu, Kelvin, Fischer, Felix, Xu, Jun, Sorokin, Christina, Alberti, Chris, Lin, Chu-Cheng, Evans, Colin, Zhou, Hao, Dimitriev, Alek, Forbes, Hannah, Banarse, Dylan, Tung, Zora, Liu, Jeremiah, Omernick, Mark, Bishop, Colton, Kumar, Chintu, Sterneck, Rachel, Foley, Ryan, Jain, Rohan, Mishra, Swaroop, Xia, Jiawei, Bos, Taylor, Cideron, Geoffrey, Amid, Ehsan, Piccinno, Francesco, Wang, Xingyu, Banzal, Praseem, Gurita, Petru, Noga, Hila, Shah, Premal, Mankowitz, Daniel J., Polozov, Alex, Kushman, Nate, Krakovna, Victoria, Brown, Sasha, Bateni, MohammadHossein, Duan, Dennis, Firoiu, Vlad, Thotakuri, Meghana, Natan, Tom, Mohananey, Anhad, Geist, Matthieu, Mudgal, Sidharth, Girgin, Sertan, Li, Hui, Ye, Jiayu, Roval, Ofir, Tojo, Reiko, Kwong, Michael, Lee-Thorp, James, Yew, Christopher, Yuan, Quan, Bagri, Sumit, Sinopalnikov, Danila, Ramos, Sabela, Mellor, John, Sharma, Abhishek, Severyn, Aliaksei, Lai, Jonathan, Wu, Kathy, Cheng, Heng-Tze, Miller, David, Sonnerat, Nicolas, Vnukov, Denis, Greig, Rory, Beattie, Jennifer, Caveness, Emily, Bai, Libin, Eisenschlos, Julian, Korchemniy, Alex, Tsai, Tomy, Jasarevic, Mimi, Kong, Weize, Dao, Phuong, Zheng, Zeyu, Liu, Frederick, Yang, Fan, Zhu, Rui, Geller, Mark, Teh, Tian Huey, Sanmiya, Jason, Gladchenko, Evgeny, Trdin, Nejc, Sozanschi, Andrei, Toyama, Daniel, Rosen, Evan, Tavakkol, Sasan, Xue, Linting, Elkind, Chen, Woodman, Oliver, Carpenter, John, Papamakarios, George, Kemp, Rupert, Kafle, Sushant, Grunina, Tanya, Sinha, Rishika, Talbert, Alice, Goyal, Abhimanyu, Wu, Diane, Owusu-Afriyie, Denese, Du, Cosmo, Thornton, Chloe, Pont-Tuset, Jordi, Narayana, Pradyumna, Li, Jing, Fatehi, Sabaer, Wieting, John, Ajmeri, Omar, Uria, Benigno, Zhu, Tao, Ko, Yeongil, Knight, Laura, Héliou, Amélie, Niu, Ning, Gu, Shane, Pang, Chenxi, Tran, Dustin, Li, Yeqing, Levine, Nir, Stolovich, Ariel, Kalb, Norbert, Santamaria-Fernandez, Rebeca, Goenka, Sonam, Yustalim, Wenny, Strudel, Robin, Elqursh, Ali, Lakshminarayanan, Balaji, Deck, Charlie, Upadhyay, Shyam, Lee, Hyo, Dusenberry, Mike, Li, Zonglin, Wang, Xuezhi, Levin, Kyle, Hoffmann, Raphael, Holtmann-Rice, Dan, Bachem, Olivier, Yue, Summer, Arora, Sho, Malmi, Eric, Mirylenka, Daniil, Tan, Qijun, Koh, Christy, Yeganeh, Soheil Hassas, Põder, Siim, Zheng, Steven, Pongetti, Francesco, Tariq, Mukarram, Sun, Yanhua, Ionita, Lucian, Seyedhosseini, Mojtaba, Tafti, Pouya, Kotikalapudi, Ragha, Liu, Zhiyu, Gulati, Anmol, Liu, Jasmine, Ye, Xinyu, Chrzaszcz, Bart, Wang, Lily, Sethi, Nikhil, Li, Tianrun, Brown, Ben, Singh, Shreya, Fan, Wei, Parisi, Aaron, Stanton, Joe, Kuang, Chenkai, Koverkathu, Vinod, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Li, Yunjie, Lu, TJ, Ittycheriah, Abe, Shroff, Prakash, Sun, Pei, Varadarajan, Mani, Bahargam, Sanaz, Willoughby, Rob, Gaddy, David, Dasgupta, Ishita, Desjardins, Guillaume, Cornero, Marco, Robenek, Brona, Mittal, Bhavishya, Albrecht, Ben, Shenoy, Ashish, Moiseev, Fedor, Jacobsson, Henrik, Ghaffarkhah, Alireza, Rivière, Morgane, Walton, Alanna, Crepy, Clément, Parrish, Alicia, Liu, Yuan, Zhou, Zongwei, Farabet, Clement, Radebaugh, Carey, Srinivasan, Praveen, van der Salm, Claudia, Fidjeland, Andreas, Scellato, Salvatore, Latorre-Chimoto, Eri, Klimczak-Plucińska, Hanna, Bridson, David, de Cesare, Dario, Hudson, Tom, Mendolicchio, Piermaria, Walker, Lexi, Morris, Alex, Penchev, Ivo, Mauger, Matthew, Guseynov, Alexey, Reid, Alison, Odoom, Seth, Loher, Lucia, Cotruta, Victor, Yenugula, Madhavi, Grewe, Dominik, Petrushkina, Anastasia, Duerig, Tom, Sanchez, Antonio, Yadlowsky, Steve, Shen, Amy, Globerson, Amir, Kurzrok, Adam, Webb, Lynette, Dua, Sahil, Li, Dong, Lahoti, Preethi, Bhupatiraju, Surya, Hurt, Dan, Qureshi, Haroon, Agarwal, Ananth, Shani, Tomer, Eyal, Matan, Khare, Anuj, Belle, Shreyas Rammohan, Wang, Lei, Tekur, Chetan, Kale, Mihir Sanjay, Wei, Jinliang, Sang, Ruoxin, Saeta, Brennan, Liechty, Tyler, Sun, Yi, Zhao, Yao, Lee, Stephan, Nayak, Pandu, Fritz, Doug, Vuyyuru, Manish Reddy, Aslanides, John, Vyas, Nidhi, Wicke, Martin, Ma, Xiao, Bilal, Taylan, Eltyshev, Evgenii, Balle, Daniel, Martin, Nina, Cate, Hardie, Manyika, James, Amiri, Keyvan, Kim, Yelin, Xiong, Xi, Kang, Kai, Luisier, Florian, Tripuraneni, Nilesh, Madras, David, Guo, Mandy, Waters, Austin, Wang, Oliver, Ainslie, Joshua, Baldridge, Jason, Zhang, Han, Pruthi, Garima, Bauer, Jakob, Yang, Feng, Mansour, Riham, Gelman, Jason, Xu, Yang, Polovets, George, Liu, Ji, Cai, Honglong, Chen, Warren, Sheng, XiangHai, Xue, Emily, Ozair, Sherjil, Yu, Adams, Angermueller, Christof, Li, Xiaowei, Wang, Weiren, Wiesinger, Julia, Koukoumidis, Emmanouil, Tian, Yuan, Iyer, Anand, Gurumurthy, Madhu, Goldenson, Mark, Shah, Parashar, Blake, MK, Yu, Hongkun, Urbanowicz, Anthony, Palomaki, Jennimaria, Fernando, Chrisantha, Brooks, Kevin, Durden, Ken, Mehta, Harsh, Momchev, Nikola, Rahimtoroghi, Elahe, Georgaki, Maria, Raul, Amit, Ruder, Sebastian, Redshaw, Morgan, Lee, Jinhyuk, Jalan, Komal, Li, Dinghua, Perng, Ginger, Hechtman, Blake, Schuh, Parker, Nasr, Milad, Chen, Mia, Milan, Kieran, Mikulik, Vladimir, Strohman, Trevor, Franco, Juliana, Green, Tim, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Dean, Jeffrey, Vinyals, Oriol
This report introduces a new family of multimodal models, Gemini, that exhibit remarkable capabilities across image, audio, video, and text understanding. The Gemini family consists of Ultra, Pro, and Nano sizes, suitable for applications ranging from complex reasoning tasks to on-device memory-constrained use-cases. Evaluation on a broad range of benchmarks shows that our most-capable Gemini Ultra model advances the state of the art in 30 of 32 of these benchmarks - notably being the first model to achieve human-expert performance on the well-studied exam benchmark MMLU, and improving the state of the art in every one of the 20 multimodal benchmarks we examined. We believe that the new capabilities of Gemini models in cross-modal reasoning and language understanding will enable a wide variety of use cases and we discuss our approach toward deploying them responsibly to users.