Hard news articles, just like op-ed articles, can reflect a media organization's bias. This study assesses bias in the hard news articles published by Fox News and MSNBC. Indicative linguistic features identified by the Gramulator reveal biases in corpora from the two networks.

Closely related genres have complex interrelations. An antecedent genre can constrain a subsequent genre, but changing rhetorical situations can lead to distinctions between an antecedent and its descendent. In this study, we assess two genres of detective fiction to determine their hierarchical relation to one another. We use the Gramulator, a computational tool that identifies indicative lexical features, to explain the relationship between whodunit fiction and hardboiled fiction . We conclude, based on the indicative lexical features of the expositions in texts, that the two are sibling genres.