governance model for the application of AI in health care

As the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving aspects of healthcare delivery is increasingly becoming evident, it becomes likely that AI will be incorporated in routine clinical care in the near future. This promise has led to growing focus and investment in AI medical applications both from governmental organizations and technological companies. However, concern has been expressed about the ethical and regulatory aspects of the application of AI in health care. These concerns include the possibility of biases, lack of transparency with certain AI algorithms, privacy concerns with the data used for training AI models, and safety and liability issues with AI application in clinical environments. While there has been extensive discussion about the ethics of AI in health care, there has been little dialogue or recommendations as to how to practically address these concerns in health care. In this article, we propose a governance model that aims to not only address the ethical and regulatory issues that arise out of the application of AI in health care, but also stimulate further discussion about governance of AI in health care. Interest in AI has gone through cyclical phases of expectation and disappointment since the late 1950s because of poor-performing algorithms and computing infrastructure.1 However, the emergence of appropriate computing infrastructure, big data, and deep learning algorithms has reinvigorated interest in artificial intelligence (AI) technology and accelerated its adoption in various sectors.2 While recent approaches to AI, such as machine learning, have only been relatively recently applied to health care, the future looks promising because of the likelihood of improved healthcare outcomes.3,4