What are adversarial examples in NLP?

This article talks about the concept of adversarial examples as applied to NLP (natural language processing). The terminology can be confusing at times, so we'll begin with an overview of the language used to talk about adversarial examples and adversarial attacks. We'll conclude with some thoughts on the future of this area of research. An adversarial example is an input designed to fool a machine learning model [1]. An adversarial example crafted as a change to a benign input is known as an adversarial perturbation.