Cognitive technologies in the technology sector: From science fiction vision to real-world value

Artificial intelligence is certainly no longer considered science fiction--or a source of expensive R&D efforts with unmet potential--by major players in the technology sector.1 Instead, we are in the midst of a real-world paradigm shift: the final stages of a decades-long transition from the scientific discipline known as artificial intelligence (and its various sub-disciplines) into an array of applied cognitive technologies made more widely available through innovative enterprise architectures unique to the business culture of the technology sector. The technology sector's interest in these technologies (figure 1)2 has exploded in the last several years. Networking companies, semiconductor manufacturers, hardware companies, IT providers, software providers, Internet players--just about every technology subsector has seen a substantial upsurge of activity in this space. In fact, the race to invest in artificial intelligence has been described as "the latest Silicon Valley arms race."3 Since 2012, there have been 100 mergers and acquisitions (M&A) within the technology sector involving cognitive technology companies, products, and services.4 And this rush of M&A activity is not the only sign of the industry's interest. Many capabilities that were only just emerging a few years ago are now essentially mature and becoming "democratized" and more readily available for business applications. As a result, leading companies are using cognitive technologies to enhance their existing products and services, as well as to open up new markets. What is interesting is that the assertive actions of the sector's leaders do not mirror the wholesale adoption of these technologies across the industry. Many technology sector companies have yet to turn their attention to how cognitive technologies are changing their sector or how they--or their competitors--may be able to implement these technologies in their strategy or operations.