How does Machine Learning and Deep Learning Work?

Facebook automatically finds and tags friends in your photos. Google Deepmind's AlphaGo computer program trounced champions at the ancient game of Go last year. Skype translates spoken conversations in real time – and pretty accurately too. Behind all this is a type of artificial intelligence called deep learning. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning – a field that examines computer algorithms that learn and improve on their own.