Three ideal scenarios for anomaly detection with machine learning

"Prevention is the daughter of intelligence," said the famous English poet and navigator Walter Raleigh four centuries ago. But the explorer couldn't predict that the intelligence he was talking about would one day be artificial intelligence. Indeed, AI has become a reliable ally in preventing unwanted outcomes, thanks to the anomaly detection and forecasting capabilities of its sub-branch known as machine learning. But what are these powers based on, and how can they be leveraged in various scenarios and AI use cases? When detecting anomalies, the typical way to go in many business areas was traditionally based on predetermined rules.