What's the difference between TPU vs. GPU?

A TPU is a chip Google created to deal with cloud-based AI and machine learning tasks in the company's data centers. Known as an AI accelerator, a TPU is optimized to perform millions of mathematical calculations on the fly in AI models, something that NPUs and GPUs do as well. We've been talking a lot about AI and ML, which for many of us will call into play an NPU. As it should, since we've been beaten over the head with them ad nauseum thanks to Apple, the various PC and smartphone makers and the chip manufacturers. If you're unfamiliar, NPUs are the chips you'll find in all your modern smartphones, Macs and PCs.