Logistic Regression From Scratch in Python

We are going to do binary classification, so the value of y (true/target) is going to be either 0 or 1. For example, suppose we have a breast cancer dataset with X being the tumor size and y being whether the lump is malignant(cancerous) or benign(non-cancerous). Whenever a patient visits, your job is to tell him/her whether the lump is malignant(0) or benign(1) given the size of the tumor. There are only two classes in this case. So, y is going to be either 0 or 1. Let's use the following randomly generated data as a motivating example to understand Logistic Regression.