I. The Fundamental of Machine Learning

Machine learning is the science (and art) of programming computers so they can learn from data. It is a subfield of Artificial Intelligence founded on the notion that machines are capable of learning from data, spotting patterns, and making judgements with little assistance from humans. A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E. One of the best example of Machine Learning program is " The spam filter" in our Gmail application. The spam filter take examples of spam emails (flagged by users) and examples of regular emails (non-spam, also called "ham"), and can learn to flag spam. These examples that system or algorithm take called "Training set", and each training example is known as "Training instances".