Integrating AI Into Radiology Practice to Enhance Lung Disease Prediction and Diagnosis

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with 5-year survival rates still hovering around 20%. Tobacco use continues to be the major risk factor for lung cancer. However, in nonsmokers, exposure to some industrial toxins such as arsenic, certain organic compounds, radon, asbestos, radiation, air pollution, and environmental tobacco smoke also increases the chance of developing lung cancer. Although the incidence of these primary risk factors is decreasing, the implementation of comprehensive tobacco control and the reduction of occupational chemical exposure are not the only measures for decreasing lung cancer mortality. Artificial intelligence has been shown to be beneficial in the discovery of prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and response evaluation, putting it at the forefront of the next phase of personalized medicine.