Common Sense, Cortex, and CAPTCHA

From the moment we are born, we begin using our senses to build a coherent model of the world. As we grow, we constantly refine our model and access it effortlessly as we go about our lives. If we see a ball rolling onto the street, we might reason that a child could have kicked it there. When asked to pour a glass of wine, we wouldn't search for a bottle opener if the wine is already in the decanter. If we are told, "Sally hammered the nail into the floor," and asked whether the nail was vertical or horizontal, we can imagine the scenario with the appropriate level of detail to answer confidently: vertical [1].