DeepMind created a test to measure an AI's ability to reason

One popular test, called Raven's Progressive Matrices, features several rows of images with the final row missing its final image. It's up to the test taker to choose the image that should come next based on the pattern of the completed rows. The test doesn't outright tell the test taker what to look for in the images -- maybe the progression has to do with the number of objects within each image, their color, or their placement. It's up to them to figure that out for themselves using their ability to reason abstractly. To apply this test to AIs, the DeepMind researchers created a program that could generate unique matrix problems.