Artificial intelligence and clinical deterioration

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an overview of the systems being used to identify and predict clinical deterioration in hospitalised patients, with focus on the current and future role of artificial intelligence (AI). RECENT FINDINGS: There are five leading AI driven systems in this field: the Advanced Alert Monitor (AAM), the electronic Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage (eCART) score, Hospital wide Alert Via Electronic Noticeboard, the Mayo Clinic Early Warning Score, and the Rothman Index (RI). Each uses Electronic Patient Record (EPR) data and machine learning to predict adverse events. Less mature but relevant evolutions are occurring in the fields of Natural Language Processing, Time and Motion Studies, AI Sepsis and COVID-19 algorithms. SUMMARY: Research-based AI-driven systems to predict clinical deterioration are increasingly being developed, but few are being implemented into clinical workflows.