Teaching to machines: What is learning in machine learning entails?

First of all here, machine does not mean a machine in conventional sense, but computational modules or set of instructions. It is called machine because of thermodynamics can be applied to analyse this computational modules, their algorithmic complexity can be map to an energy consumption and work production, recall Landauer Principle. Charles Bennett has an article on this principle, here. The concept of learning curve and effect of sample size in training machine learning models for both experienced and novice practitioners. It is often this type of analysis is omitted in producing supervised learning solutions.