Counterfactual vs Contrastive Explanations in Artificial Intelligence

Counterfactuals, is the Rosetta Stone of causal analysis. Introduction: With the proliferation of deep learning [8] and its anticipated use across various applications in society, trust has become a central issue. Given the black-box nature of these deep learning systems there is a strong desire to understand the reasons behind their decisions. This has led to the sub-field of explainable AI (XAI) gaining prominence [5]. The goal of XAI is to communicate to the consumer, typically a human, why a black-box model made a particular decision.