Back Propagation. Backpropagation is a popular algorithm…

Backpropagation is a popular algorithm used for training neural networks. Here, X is the input data, y is the corresponding output data, hidden_layer_size is the number of neurons in the hidden layer, learning_rate is the learning rate, and num_iterations is the number of iterations to train the model for. The sigmoid() function computes the sigmoid activation function. Here, we define the sigmoid activation function, which takes in an input value x and returns the output of the sigmoid function. Next, we define the derivative of the sigmoid function, which takes in an input value x and returns the derivative of the sigmoid function with respect to x.