Appendix

AAbout Equation (1) As we discussed in Section 3, label smoothing and focal loss are equivalent to the standard CE loss with an additional maximum-entropy regularizer (see in Equation (1) and (2) in the main text). The proof of Equation (2) can be found in the corresponding paper [4]. SVHN is an image dataset which consists of 32 32 colored images of 0 9 digits. CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 consist of 32 32 colored natural images arranged in 10 and 100 classes, respectively. For 20Newsgroups, we use the GloVe word embedding [7] for text representation before the 1D-CNN model and set the embedding dimension as 100.