Appendices

To begin, we first briefly introduce some notations used throughout the appendix. The Hessian of f (Z) can be viewed as an KN KN matrix by vec-torizing the matrix Z . We will use the bilinear form for the Hessian in Appendix E. The appendix is organized as follows. In Appendix A, we discuss the relationship between this work to the previous work that beyond neural collapse. Appendix B includes the detailed description of metrics for measuring NC during network training and additional experimental results.