Randy Davis announced the appointment of six new program managers at ARPA. At IJCAI-95, Randall Davis assumed the office of president of the American For many attending the Fourteenth for consideration this year," noted Association for Artificial Intelligence International Joint Conference on Ray Perrault of SRI International, (AAAI). Davis is a professor of Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-95), the chair of the conference. "This is more electrical engineering and computer most difficult problem was choosing than at IJCAI-93 and at recent science and associate director of the which session to attend in the rich, National Conferences on AI in the AI Lab at the Massachusetts Institute varied program. Davis succeeds data-mining application from rate was under 25 percent, showing Barbara Grosz, Gordon McKay professor the U.S. Department of the Treasury that there is a great deal of work of computer science in the Division that identifies potential money laundering going on, and the scientific standard of Applied Sciences at Harvard to a small mobile LEG0 robot of IJCAI matches or exceeds that of University.

's performance exceeded the testers' performance on a different data set given a 99-percent confidence interval containing the true population scores for these

Surely, scientific arguments Still, a full literature search of citations They are trivial, that is, when compared have their own special logic. of Rescher's 1977 monograph, to the defeasibility of open-textured Cavalli-Sforza has for a while been Dialectics, reveals no useful formal concepts, the logic of which interested in Toulmin's own attempts extension or clarification of the logical remains unanalyzed (says McCarty, to apply his work on argument to system prior to Brewka.

"How We Know Universals: The Perception Their first paper made many intellectual waves--which are still spreading, 50 years later. They had claimed that the truth or falsity of any (computable) proposition could, in with AI, for it's difficult to say just principle, be computed by a simple type of The future of psychology, they good a date as any, however, is 1943--almost said, consisted of the design of various sorts exactly half a century ago. This In that year, Warren McCulloch (a psychiatrist, novel methodology, and the nascent technology cybernetician, philosopher, and poet) associated with it, promised to show just and Walter Pitts (a research student in mathematics) how mind is grounded in mechanism. Much of this was "logical" in nature result was a heady brew, which explicitly and developed into what's known as classical, promised to revolutionize psychology and or symbolic, AI. But some was what is nowadays philosophy--and which, in the event, revolutionized called connectionist, studying networks technology too. In the late 1980s, however, it McCulloch and Pitts' paper ("A Logical Calculus blossomed--hitting the newsstands with of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous rash promises of "brainlike" computers just Activity") concentrated on how propositions around the corner. But both these forms of AI expressible in logic could be computed by share the same historical roots. Those nets consisted of So much for pedigree. But does a mere halfcentury cells passing inhibitory and excitatory messages of work count as a pedigree? Might it between them and acting as what computer rather be a mere blip, an unfortunate academic scientists (soon afterwards) called "and-mutation with no real intellectual fitness?

AUTOCELL is a system developed to assist in the operation and management of cellular mobile networks operated by Singapore Telecom. Its deployment is in line with the company's strategic move to introduce intelligent software into its operations. With the help of AI concepts and techniques, the system has enhanced the operational efficiency and network capacity and increased customer satisfaction with the network.

The traditional reliability design methods are imperfect because the designed systems aim at fewer faults, but once a fault happens, the systems might hard fail. To solve this problem, we present a self-maintenance machine (SMM), one that can maintain its functions flexibly even though faults occur. To achieve the capabilities of diagnosing and repair planning, a model-based approach that uses qualitative physics was proposed. Regarding the repair-executing capability, control-type repair strategy was followed. A prototype of the SMM was developed, and it succeeded in maintaining its functions if the structure did not change. However, the prototype revealed the following problems when its reasoning system was used with a commercial product as embedded software: (1) poor performance of the reasoning system, (2) system size that was too large, (3) low adaptability to environmental changes, and (4) roughness of qualitative repair operations. To solve these problems, we proposed new reasoning method based on virtual cases and fuzzy qualitative values. This methodology is one of knowledge compilation, which gives better reasoning performance and can deal with real-world applications such as the SMM. By using this method, we finally developed a commercial photocopier that has self-maintainability and is more robust against faults. The commercial version has been supplied worldwide as a product of Mita Industrial Co., Ltd., since April 1994.

The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FIN-CEN) AI system (FAIS) links and evaluates reports of large cash transactions to identify potential money laundering. The objective of FAIS is to discover previously unknown, potentially high-value leads for possible investigation. FAIS integrates intelligent human and software agents in a cooperative discovery task on a very large data space. It is a complex system incorporating several aspects of AI technology, including rule-based reasoning and a blackboard. FAIS consists of an underlying database (that functions as a black-board), a graphic user interface, and several preprocessing and analysis modules. FAIS has been in operation at FINCEN since March 1993; a dedicated group of analysts process approximately 200,000 transactions a week, during which time over 400 investigative support reports corresponding to over $1 billion in potential laundered funds were developed. FAIS's unique analytic power arises primarily from a change in view of the underlying data from a transaction-oriented perspective to a subject-oriented (that is, person or organization) perspective.

Daewoo Heavy Industries, in conjunction with the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, integrated applicability and limitations of various five separate schedulers based on different several papers from the AI techniques. IAAI has been held annually that are addressed at the conference. Mita Industrial Co., Ltd., said Japan's troubleshooting expert system proceedings were published in book Seventeen applications represent this has been supplied as an embedded form through 1992. Since 1993, a year's award winners: 11 were from component of its photocopiers conference proceedings volume has the United States, 4 from the Pacific since April 1994. It uses new reasoning been published, and selected papers Rim, 1 from Europe, and 1 from the methods based on virtual cases have been republished as articles in Middle East.

OPUS is a branch and bound search algorithm that enables efficient admissible search through spaces for which the order of search operator application is not significant. The algorithm's search efficiency is demonstrated with respect to very large machine learning search spaces. The use of admissible search is of potential value to the machine learning community as it means that the exact learning biases to be employed for complex learning tasks can be precisely specified and manipulated. OPUS also has potential for application in other areas of artificial intelligence, notably, truth maintenance.

We present a definition of cause and effect in terms of decision-theoretic primitives and thereby provide a principled foundation for causal reasoning. Our definition departs from the traditional view of causation in that causal assertions may vary with the set of decisions available. We argue that this approach provides added clarity to the notion of cause. Also in this paper, we examine the encoding of causal relationships in directed acyclic graphs. We describe a special class of influence diagrams, those in canonical form, and show its relationship to Pearl's representation of cause and effect. Finally, we show how canonical form facilitates counterfactual reasoning.