MLassisted applications are a trend, and many researchers and developers are rushing to apply ML and recover their inherent potential benefits [2] [3]. However, using ML techniques to solve any problem do require some previous background and expertise. For example, it is vital to choose the ML technique that better suits the target application in terms of available computational capability and expected target results. In sequence to an adequate ML technique choice, it is typically necessary to model the problem under the premises of the chosen technique. The modeling process may include, as an example, an MDP-based markovian process (Markov Decision Process) like Q-Learning or SARSA formulation for Reinforcement Learning or the definition of a neural network structure for Neural Networks (NN) [4] [5].

Fox News Flash top headlines are here. Check out what's clicking on Foxnews.com. A Minnesota beer brand is planning to reward one person's extremely questionable behavior with a ridiculous amount of free beer. Hamm's, which bills itself as "the beer … refreshing," has announced a contest to find the library-goer who hid several cans of Hamm's beer behind some paneling at a Washington state library some time in the 1980s. BUDWEISER WANTS TO BECOME UTAH'S STATE BEER News of the hidden stash recently made headlines after facilities workers at the Walla Walla Public Library discovered the beer -- which is estimated to be over 30 years old -- during a reorganizing of the facility.

Since the next gen technologies became mainstream about three to four years ago, the IoT industry has gone through a significant journey. Needless to say, IoT has been the focal point of many transformation-related conversation in the asset heavy industries. In the beginning, most organizations were struggling with the question of how to interpret IoT in the context of their business. Since the possibilities were endless, so was the dilemma of where and how to begin. The industry ultimately chose to go with a case-based approach and the technology service providers played a key role in launching it.

In Casepoint, for example, a user can begin a TAR 2.0 session by reviewing as few as 50 documents (although our recommended ranking threshold is every 100 documents), and at each ranking threshold, the model re-ranks the corpus automatically. Doing this in tandem with Casepoint's Dynamic Batching feature, the user ensures that they are always looking at the highest-ranked documents. This allows you to strengthen your model faster because TAR 2.0 will continue to present documents in the batches until none of the documents presented are of relevance. Another benefit of TAR 2.0 is the ability to run multiple sessions simultaneously, where each session represents a different legal topic or issue you are trying to find relevant documents for. Being able to "bucket" groups of documents by relevant issues and have people dive into the review right away is a huge step forward.

Risk management resulting from the actions and states of the different elements making up a operating room is a major concern during a surgical procedure. Agent-based simulation shows an interest through its interaction concepts, interactivity and autonomy of different simulator entities. We want in our study to implement a generator of alerts to listen the evolution of different settings applied to the simulator of agents (human fatigue, material efficiency, infection rate ...). This article presents our model, its implementation and the first results obtained. It should be noted that this study also made it possible to identify several scientific obstacles, such as the integration of different levels of abstraction, the coupling of species, the coexistence of several scales in the same environment and the deduction of unpredictable alerts. Case-based reasoning (CBR) is a beginning of response relative to the last lock mentioned and will be discussed in this paper.

Recently, abstract argumentation-based models of case-based reasoning ($AA{\text -}CBR$ in short) have been proposed, originally inspired by the legal domain, but also applicable as classifiers in different scenarios, including image classification, sentiment analysis of text, and in predicting the passage of bills in the UK Parliament. However, the formal properties of $AA{\text -}CBR$ as a reasoning system remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we focus on analysing the non-monotonicity properties of a regular version of $AA{\text -}CBR$ (that we call $AA{\text -}CBR_{\succeq}$). Specifically, we prove that $AA{\text -}CBR_{\succeq}$ is not cautiously monotonic, a property frequently considered desirable in the literature of non-monotonic reasoning. We then define a variation of $AA{\text -}CBR_{\succeq}$ which is cautiously monotonic, and provide an algorithm for obtaining it. Further, we prove that such variation is equivalent to using $AA{\text -}CBR_{\succeq}$ with a restricted casebase consisting of all "surprising" cases in the original casebase.

The California state jail system has seen a staggering increase in coronavirus cases over the past week - with cases at the overcrowded San Quentin facility jumping from 100 to 539 - and total inmate deaths across the state prison system totalling 20. Attorneys, advocates and former inmates say this increase suggests that lowering prison populations might be the only effective way to stop the pandemic's resurgence inside the US penitentiaries. The state has seen 1,001 new COVID-19 cases in its prison system in the past 14 days, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) said on Friday afternoon. This increase comes as the United States experiences record-setting spikes in coronavirus cases. San Quentin is California's only state prison with a death row, accounted for the majority, with 512 new cases as of Friday.

In the current competitive environment, it is crucial for manufacturers to make the best decisions in the shortest time, in order to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of the manufacturing systems. These decisions reach from the strategic level to tactical and operational production planning and control. In this context, elaborating intelligent decisions support systems (DSS) that are capable of integrating a wide variety of models along with data and knowledge resources has become promising. This paper proposes an intelligent DSS for quality control planning. The DSS is a recommender system (RS) that helps the decision maker to select the best control scenario using two different approaches. The first is a manual choice using a multi-criteria decision making method. The second is an automatic recommendation based on case-based reasoning (CBR) technique. Furthermore, the proposed RS makes it possible to continuously update the control plans in order to be adapted to the actual process quality situation. In so doing, CBR is used for learning the required knowledge in order to improve the decision quality. A numerical application is performed in a real case study in order to illustrate the feasibility and practicability of the proposed DSS.

Recently, a groundswell of research has identified the use of counterfactual explanations as a potentially significant solution to the Explainable AI (XAI) problem. It is argued that (a) technically, these counterfactual cases can be generated by permuting problem-features until a class change is found, (b) psychologically, they are much more causally informative than factual explanations, (c) legally, they are GDPR-compliant. However, there are issues around the finding of good counterfactuals using current techniques (e.g. sparsity and plausibility). We show that many commonly-used datasets appear to have few good counterfactuals for explanation purposes. So, we propose a new case based approach for generating counterfactuals using novel ideas about the counterfactual potential and explanatory coverage of a case-base. The new technique reuses patterns of good counterfactuals, present in a case-base, to generate analogous counterfactuals that can explain new problems and their solutions. Several experiments show how this technique can improve the counterfactual potential and explanatory coverage of case-bases that were previously found wanting.

During the early stages of developing Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) systems the definition of similarity measures is challenging since this task requires to transfer implicit knowledge of domain experts into knowledge representations. While an entire CBR system is very explanatory, the similarity measure determines the ranking but do not necessarily show which features contribute to high (or low) rankings. In this paper we will present our work on opening the knowledge engineering process for similarity modelling. We will present how we transfer implicit knowledge from experts as well as a data-driven approach into case and similarity representations for CBR systems. The work present is a result of interdisciplinary research collaborations between AI and medical researchers developing e-Health applications. During this work, explainability and transparency of the development process is crucial to allow in-depth quality assurance of the by the domain experts.