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Trial by Fire: Understanding the Design Requirements for Agents in Complex Environments

AI Magazine

Phoenix is a real-time, adaptive planner that manages forest fires in a simulated environment. Alternatively, Phoenix is a search for functional relationships between the designs of agents, their behaviors, and the environments in which they work. In fact, both characterizations are appropriate and together exemplify a research methodology that emphasizes complex, dynamic environments and complete, autonomous agents. This article describes the underlying methodology and illustrates the architecture and behavior of Phoenix agents.


Trial by Fire: Understanding the Design Requirements for Agents in Complex Environments

AI Magazine

Second, These sections describe how Phoenix agents there are motivating issues, of plan in real time but do not provide the which the foremost is to understand minute detail that is offered elsewhere (Cohen how complex environments et al. forthcoming). The next section illustrates constrain on the design of Phoenix agents controlling a forest fire. We seek general The last section describes the current status of rules that justify and explain the project and our immediate goals. The terms in these rules describe The Phoenix task is to control simulated characteristics of environments, forest fires by deploying simulated bulldozers, tasks and behaviors, and the crews, airplanes, and other objects. We discuss architectures of agents. Phoenix Environment, Layers 1 and 2 but Phoenix is a commentary on the Phoenix Simulator. In the following pages, we describe Phoenix from the perspective of our technical aims and motives. The second section describes the Phoenix task--controlling simulated forest fires-- and explains why we use a simulated environment instead of a real, physical one. The two lowest layers of Phoenix, described in The Phoenix Environment, Layers 1 and 2, implement the simulated environment and maintain the illusion that the forest fire and agents are acting simultaneously. Above these layers are two others: a Figure 2. Fire at 12:30 Bulldozers are Close to organization of multiple Meeting at the Fire Front. The left pane displays the real world; the right pane displays fireboss sees it. Firefighting objects are also and other agents are semiautonomous.


Teaching Artificial Neural Systems to Drive: Manual Training Techniques for Autonomous Systems

Neural Information Processing Systems

To demonstrate these methods we have trained an ANS network to drive a vehicle through simulated rreeway traffic. I ntJooducticn Computational systems employing fine grained parallelism are revolutionizing the way we approach a number or long standing problems involving pattern recognition and cognitive processing. The field spans a wide variety or computational networks, rrom constructs emulating neural runctions, to more crystalline configurations that resemble systolic arrays. Several titles are used to describe this broad area or research, we use the term artificial neural systems (ANS). Our concern in this work is the use or ANS ror manually training certain types or autonomous systems where the desired rules of behavior are difficult to rormulate. Artificial neural systems consist of a number or processing elements interconnected in a weighted, user-specified fashion, the interconnection weights acting as memory ror the system. Each processing element calculatE', an output value based on the weighted sum or its inputs. In addition, the input data is correlated with the output or desired output (specified by an instructive agent) in a training rule that is used to adjust the interconnection weights.


Teaching Artificial Neural Systems to Drive: Manual Training Techniques for Autonomous Systems

Neural Information Processing Systems

To demonstrate these methods we have trained an ANS network to drive a vehicle through simulated rreeway traffic. I ntJooducticn Computational systems employing fine grained parallelism are revolutionizing the way we approach a number or long standing problems involving pattern recognition and cognitive processing. The field spans a wide variety or computational networks, rrom constructs emulating neural runctions, to more crystalline configurations that resemble systolic arrays. Several titles are used to describe this broad area or research, we use the term artificial neural systems (ANS). Our concern in this work is the use or ANS ror manually training certain types or autonomous systems where the desired rules of behavior are difficult to rormulate. Artificial neural systems consist of a number or processing elements interconnected in a weighted, user-specified fashion, the interconnection weights acting as memory ror the system. Each processing element calculatE', an output value based on the weighted sum or its inputs. In addition, the input data is correlated with the output or desired output (specified by an instructive agent) in a training rule that is used to adjust the interconnection weights.


Teaching Artificial Neural Systems to Drive: Manual Training Techniques for Autonomous Systems

Neural Information Processing Systems

To demonstrate these methods we have trained an ANS network to drive a vehicle through simulated rreeway traffic. I ntJooducticn Computational systems employing fine grained parallelism are revolutionizing the way we approach a number or long standing problems involving pattern recognition and cognitive processing. Thefield spans a wide variety or computational networks, rrom constructs emulating neural runctions, to more crystalline configurations that resemble systolic arrays. Several titles are used to describe this broad area or research, we use the term artificial neural systems (ANS). Our concern inthis work is the use or ANS ror manually training certain types or autonomous systems where the desired rules of behavior are difficult to rormulate. Artificial neural systems consist of a number or processing elements interconnected in a weighted, user-specified fashion, the interconnection weights acting as memory ror the system. Each processing element calculatE', an output value based on the weighted sum or its inputs. In addition, the input data is correlated with the output or desired output (specified by an instructive agent) in a training rule that is used to adjust the interconnection weights.



1986 Workshop on Distributed AI

AI Magazine

This report contains a historical perspective on previous Distributed Artificial Intelligence Workshops, highlights of the roundtable discussions, and a collection of research abstracts submitted by the participants.


1987 DAI Workshop Report

AI Magazine

The 1987 Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) was held at Sea Ranch, California, 3 to 6 December 1987. Twenty-eight participants gathered in this rugged, windswept northern California coastal village to debate the theory and practice of DAI.


Letters to the Editor

AI Magazine

He then proved that In addition, I noticed that John McCarthy was snapping network representations (such as that of the brain) cannot freely with his camera at the workshop. He may have some possibly exhibit intelligence-tapes, as in Turing Machines, amusing illustrations of the unlikely events rec0rded.l