Each environment state has a corresponding array and a scene graph representation.

To leverage the complementary merits of both worlds, we propose BetterDepth to achieve geometrically correct affine-invariant MDE while capturing fine details.

Image description datasets play a crucial role in the advancement of various applications such as image understanding, text-to-image generation, and text-image retrieval. Currently, image description datasets primarily originate from two sources. One source is the scraping of image-text pairs from the web. Despite their abundance, these descriptions are often of low quality and noisy.

The web has become the primary communal source of data, or "data commons", for general-purpose

To evaluate VLMs' fine-grained understanding, existing benchmarks primarily focus on evaluating VLMs' capability

Furthermore, extensive analysis ( 4.3) on Spider2-V demonstrate that these strategies remarkably

Empirical validation across various datasets demonstrates that our framework outperforms existing models in standard, promptable, and open-vocabulary tasks, e.g.,