Support Vector Machines
Large Scale Diverse Combinatorial Optimization: ESPN Fantasy Football Player Trades
Baughman, Aaron, Bohm, Daniel, Forster, Micah, Morales, Eduardo, Powell, Jeff, McPartlin, Shaun, Hebbar, Raja, Yogaraj, Kavitha, Chhabra, Yoshika, Ghosh, Sudeep, Haq, Rukhsan Ul, Kashyap, Arjun
Even skilled fantasy football managers can be disappointed by their mid-season rosters as some players inevitably fall short of draft day expectations. Team managers can quickly discover that their team has a low score ceiling even if they start their best active players. A novel and diverse combinatorial optimization system proposes high volume and unique player trades between complementary teams to balance trade fairness. Several algorithms create the valuation of each fantasy football player with an ensemble of computing models such as Quantum Support Vector Classifier with Permutation Importance (QSVC-PI), Quantum Support Vector Classifier with Accumulated Local Effects (QSVC-ALE), Variational Quantum Circuit with Permutation Importance (VQC-PI), Hybrid Quantum Neural Network with Permutation Importance (HQNN-PI), eXtreme Gradient Boosting Classifier (XGB), and Subject Matter Expert (SME) rules. The valuation of each player is personalized based on league rules, roster, and selections. Similarly, the cost of trading away a player is related to a team's roster, such as the depth at a position, slot count, position importance, etc. Teams are paired together for trading based on a cosine dissimilarity score so that teams can offset their respective strengths and weaknesses. A knapsack 0-1 algorithm computes outgoing players for each team. Postprocessors apply analytics and deep learning models to measure 6 different objective measures about each trade, such as parity, pain, and fairness. Over the 2020 and 2021 National Football League (NFL) seasons, a group of 24 experts from IBM and ESPN evaluated trade quality through 10 Football Error Analysis Tool (FEAT) sessions. Our system started with 76.9% of high-quality trades and was deployed for the 2021 season with 97.3% of high-quality trades. To increase trade quantity, our quantum, classical, and rules-based computing have 100% trade uniqueness. This paper will discuss our diverse computing paradigms that value players, cost determinations, personalization experience, knapsack 0-1 algorithm and our experimental results. Throughout the 2020 season, we served over 239 million trade proposals and insights with over 55 million user interactions. In 2021, we introduced trade personalization so that the trade proposals were created around user preferences.
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In this chapter two programs are presented: fit_func_esvr.py and fit_func_nusvr.py In fact through the argument --svrparams the user passes a series of hyper-parameters to adjust the behavior of the'underlying SVR algorithm and others to configure its learning phase. In addition to the parameters of the underlying regressor the program supports its own arguments to allow the user to pass the training dataset and on which file to save the trained model. The format of the input datasets is in csv format (with header), with $n m$ columns, of which the first $n$ columns contain the values of the $n$ independent variables and the last $m$ containing the values of the dependent variables. In this chapter the program predict_func.py is presented and which purpose is to make predictions on a test dataset applying it to a previously trained e-SVR or nu-SVR model respectively via the program fit_func_esvr.py or fit_func_nusvr.py,
Evaluation of an Anomaly Detector for Routers using Parameterizable Malware in an IoT Ecosystem
Carter, John, Mancoridis, Spiros
This work explores the evaluation of a machine learning anomaly detector using custom-made parameterizable malware in an Internet of Things (IoT) Ecosystem. It is assumed that the malware has infected, and resides on, the Linux router that serves other devices on the network, as depicted in Figure 1. This IoT Ecosystem was developed as a testbed to evaluate the efficacy of a behavior-based anomaly detector. The malware consists of three types of custom-made malware: ransomware, cryptominer, and keylogger, which all have exfiltration capabilities to the network. The parameterization of the malware gives the malware samples multiple degrees of freedom, specifically relating to the rate and size of data exfiltration. The anomaly detector uses feature sets crafted from system calls and network traffic, and uses a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for behavioral-based anomaly detection. The custom-made malware is used to evaluate the situations where the SVM is effective, as well as the situations where it is not effective.
Support Vector Machines, Illustrated
Support vector machines are a class of techniques in data science, which had great popularity in the data science community. They are mainly used in classification tasks and perform really well when few training data is available. Sadly, SVMs have been almost forgotten lately due to the massive popularity of deep learning. But I my opinion they are a tool that every data scientist should have in their toolbox, because they are faster to train and sometimes even outperform neural networks. In this blog, you will learn that SVMs use hyperplanes to separate and classify our data.
Support Vector Machines, Illustrated
Support vector machines are a class of techniques in data science, which had great popularity in the data science community. They are mainly used in classification tasks and perform really well when few training data is available. Sadly, SVMs have been almost forgotten lately due to the massive popularity of deep learning. But I my opinion they are a tool that every data scientist should have in their toolbox, because they are faster to train and sometimes even outperform neural networks. In this blog, you will learn that SVMs use hyperplanes to separate and classify our data.
Gradient-based Quadratic Multiform Separation
Classification as a supervised learning concept is an important content in machine learning. It aims at categorizing a set of data into classes. There are several commonly-used classification methods nowadays such as k-nearest neighbors, random forest, and support vector machine. Each of them has its own pros and cons, and none of them is invincible for all kinds of problems. In this thesis, we focus on Quadratic Multiform Separation (QMS), a classification method recently proposed by Michael Fan et al. (2019). Its fresh concept, rich mathematical structure, and innovative definition of loss function set it apart from the existing classification methods. Inspired by QMS, we propose utilizing a gradient-based optimization method, Adam, to obtain a classifier that minimizes the QMS-specific loss function. In addition, we provide suggestions regarding model tuning through explorations of the relationships between hyperparameters and accuracies. Our empirical result shows that QMS performs as good as most classification methods in terms of accuracy. Its superior performance almost comparable to those of gradient boosting algorithms that win massive machine learning competitions.
Gradient-based Quadratic Multiform Separation
Classification as a supervised learning concept is an important content in machine learning. It aims at categorizing a set of data into classes. There are several commonly-used classification methods nowadays such as k-nearest neighbors, random forest, and support vector machine. Each of them has its own pros and cons, and none of them is invincible for all kinds of problems. In this thesis, we focus on Quadratic Multiform Separation (QMS), a classification method recently proposed by Michael Fan et al. (2019). Its fresh concept, rich mathematical structure, and innovative definition of loss function set it apart from the existing classification methods. Inspired by QMS, we propose utilizing a gradient-based optimization method, Adam, to obtain a classifier that minimizes the QMS-specific loss function. In addition, we provide suggestions regarding model tuning through explorations of the relationships between hyperparameters and accuracies. Our empirical result shows that QMS performs as good as most classification methods in terms of accuracy. Its superior performance is almost comparable to those of gradient boosting algorithms that win massive machine learning competitions.
SVM and ANN based Classification of EMG signals by using PCA and LDA
Basak, Hritam, Roy, Alik, Lahiri, Jeet Bandhu, Bose, Sayantan, Patra, Soumyadeep
In recent decades, biomedical signals have been used for communication in Human-Computer Interfaces (HCI) for medical applications; an instance of these signals are the myoelectric signals (MES), which are generated in the muscles of the human body as unidimensional patterns. Because of this, the methods and algorithms developed for pattern recognition in signals can be applied for their analyses once these signals have been sampled and turned into electromyographic (EMG) signals. Additionally, in recent years, many researchers have dedicated their efforts to studying prosthetic control utilizing EMG signal classification, that is, by logging a set of MES in a proper range of frequencies to classify the corresponding EMG signals. The feature classification can be carried out on the time domain or by using other domains such as the frequency domain (also known as the spectral domain), time scale, and time-frequency, amongst others. One of the main methods used for pattern recognition in myoelectric signals is the Support Vector Machines (SVM) technique whose primary function is to identify an n-dimensional hyperplane to separate a set of input feature points into different classes. This technique has the potential to recognize complex patterns and on several occasions, it has proven its worth when compared to other classifiers such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Principal Component Analysis(PCA). The key concepts underlying the SVM are (a) the hyperplane separator; (b) the kernel function; (c) the optimal separation hyperplane; and (d) a soft margin (hyperplane tolerance).
A fusion-based machine learning approach for the prediction of the onset of diabetes - Strathprints
A growing portfolio of research has been reported on the use of machine learning-based architectures and models in the domain of healthcare. The development of data-driven applications and services for the diagnosis and classification of key illness conditions is challenging owing to issues of low volume, low-quality contextual data for the training, and validation of algorithms, which, in turn, compromises the accuracy of the resultant models. Here, a fusion machine learning approach is presented reporting an improvement in the accuracy of the identification of diabetes and the prediction of the onset of critical events for patients with diabetes (PwD). Globally, the cost of treating diabetes, a prevalent chronic illness condition characterized by high levels of sugar in the bloodstream over long periods, is placing severe demands on health providers and the proposed solution has the potential to support an increase in the rates of survival of PwD through informing on the optimum treatment on an individual patient basis. At the core of the proposed architecture is a fusion of machine learning classifiers (Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network).